Chapters 12–13 1.Third-declension adjectives 2.The fourth conjugation 3.Interrogative pronoun 4.Reflexive pronoun 5.Time expressions

1. Third-declension adjectives A later verse: Vita nostra brevis est …

1. Third declension adjectives iuvenis, -e young brevis, -ebrief fortis, -e strong dulcis, -esweet omnis, -eevery “Two terminations”: iuvenis (m./f.), iuvene (n.) All third-declension adjectives are “i-stems”

1. Third-declension adjectives “Three terminations”: ācer (m.), ācris (f.), ācre (n.) “One termination”: ingēns (m./f./n.) Note: ingentis is the gen. sg. form.

1. Third-declension adjectives homo sapiēns thinking man fēlix ille est quī potest rērum cognoscere causās. Happy is he who can learn the causes of things. dulce et decōrum est prō patriā morī. It is sweet and glorious to die on behalf of one’s country. ē plūribus ūnum from out of many, one omnibus (a vehicle) for all

2. The fourth conjugation PRESENT amō, amārehabeō, habērevincō, vincerecupiō, cupereveniō, venīre amō amās amat amāmus amātis amant habeō habēs habet habēmus habētis habent vincō vincis vincit vincimus vincitis vincunt cupiō cupis cupit cupimus cupitis cupiunt veniō venīs venit venīmus venītis veniunt Present active imperative: venī! venīte!

2. The fourth conjugation IMPERFECT amābam amābās amābat amābāmus amābātis amābant habēbam habēbās habēbat habēbāmus habēbātis habēbant vincēbam vincēbās vincēbat vincēbāmus vincēbātis vincēbant cupiēbam cupiēbās cupiēbat cupiēbāmus cupiēbātis cupiēbant veniēbam veniēbās veniēbat veniēbāmus veniēbātis veniēbant FUTURE amābō amābis amābit amābimus amābitis amābunt habēbō habēbis habēbit habēbimus habēbitis habēbunt vincam vincēs vincet vincēmus vincētis vincent cupiam cupiēs cupiet cupiēmus cupiētis cupient veniam veniēs veniet veniēmus veniētis venient

3. Interrogative pronoun quis nunc te adibit? cui uideberis bella? Who now will approach you? To whom will you seem fine? quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris? Whom will you now love? Whose will you be said to be? quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis? Whom will you kiss? For whom will you bite the lips?

3. Interrogative pronouns quibus : i.e., a third conjugation form; but we also see quīs quis, quid

5. Reflexive pronouns nōn sibi sed tōtī nōn sibi sōlī sed tōtī nōn sibi sed patriae Harrison College House

5. Reflexive pronoun singularplural singular and plural egōnōs— meīnostrī/nostru m suī mihinōbīssibi mēnōssē mēnōbīssē “himself herself itself themselves” Plus the reflexive possessive adjective: suus, -a, -um “his own, her own, its own”

5. Reflexive pronoun Narcissus eum vidēbat. “Egō tē videō!” Narcissus eius umbram vidēbat. “Egō tuam umbram videō!” Scenario 1: Narcissus looks at himself Scenario 2: Narcissus looks at a friend. Narcissus sē vidēbat. “Egō mē videō!” Narcissus suam umbram vidēbat. “Egō meam umbram videō!”

6. Time expressions ConstructionCaseExample Time when ablative Librum legere incēpī tertiā hōrā. I began to read the book at the third hour. Time within which ablative Tōtum librum lēgī tribus hōrīs. I read the entire book in three hours. Time throughout which accusative Librum legēbam trēs hōrās. I was reading the book for three hours.