Topics for today Events of the day/week IGOs and theories of IR UN and EU Study Questions, Nau p. 392  Do you know the answers? Why is the United Nations.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
UN.
Advertisements

The United Nations: It’s Your World!
Chapter 5: Nonstate Actors and the Challenge of Global Governance.
Post-War International Institutions Foundation of the U.N. June 26, 1945 replace the League of Nations based in New York.
The Treaties, Institutions and Policies of the EU
Objective Assess the role of organizations established to maintain peace and examine their continuing effectiveness.
6.3. The Politics of the Global Economy Learning Objectives: –Familiar with the structures of global economic management –Identify the role and function.
International Spatial Divisions
UNITED NATIONS (UN) INTRODUCTION TO THE. History Founded in 1945 by 51 countries after the devastating events of World War IIFounded in 1945 by 51 countries.
THE EUROPEAN UNION Lesson 5
THE EUROPEAN UNION Lesson 5
Model United Nations The institutions and organs of the UN Overview and positioning of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) 1.
The United Nations. What is the United Nations? An International Organization Facilitates cooperation in: – International Law – International Security.
United Nations.
History and Functions of the United Nations
Lecture Summary ( ) The Organization of the UN
Support of the foreign language profile of law tuition at the Faculty of Law in Olomouc CZ.1.07/2.2.00/ Law of International Organisations - Categorisation,
International Law and Organization Where does International Law come from and what do International Organizations do?
The League of Nations, The League of Nations A number of important principles had come out of Wilson’s 14 Points in January 1918 … Self-Determination.
5-1 International Business: Opportunities and Challenges in a Flattening World, 1e By Mason Carpenter and Sanjyot P. Dunung © Sanjyot Dunung 2011, published.
Government 1740 Lecture 6: International Law and International Organizations: Focus on the UN INTERNATIONAL LAW Summer 2006.
The United Nations. History The United Nations – Founded 24 October 1951 by 51 Nations – By 2006 membership was 192 All accept the United Nations Charter.
World Organizations. GLOBALIZATION Advancements in transportation and Technology (communication) Exchanges of culture and resources Economic interdependence.
6.3 II. International organizations that promoted interdependency among states, communities, & individuals. By: Emily Jones & Ellie Krahn.
Chapter 17: Foreign Policy and National Defense Section 4
Welcome to class of World Marketplace by Dr. Satyendra Singh University of Winnipeg Canada.
Transnational Politics Keohane/Nye, Introduction.
Intro Unit Lesson 5. Objectives  Explain mission, function, and range of different regional and international governmental and non-governmental organizations.
America’s Role in the International Community Foreign Aid North Atlantic Treaty Organization G-20 (today) United Nations NAFTA International Red Cross.
1945: How can the world prevent further wars?. Conferences before and after the WWII Jalta February 1945Potsdam July 1945.
Unit 1: Introduction to World History Today’s Topic: Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) I Can: 1.Define NGO 2.Identify specific examples of NGOs 3.Analyze.
Multinational Market Regions and Market Groups Chapter 10.
Edward Luck: How not to Reform the United Nations UN Reform.
United Nations. United Nations = international harmony and cooperation.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice-Hall 1 INTERNATIONAL AND WORLD TRADE LAW © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice-Hall.
Chapter 8 Notes STRUGGLE TO KEEP THE PEACE. United Nations President Wilson’s idea of a League of Nations was created after WWI but was a complete failure.
Non-State Actors in Inter-state Systems IGOs, NGOs, and World Movements.
What is a European Union? The EU is a union of different European countries to realize their common goals.The members are Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg,
Submitted by PRAVITHA.M Reg no: Social science BNV B ed college Thiruvallam.
Economic Recovery in Europe West German Economic Miracle Assisted by US to fight cold war Rebuild industry High quality German goods in demand around world.
Dynamics of International Institutions Chapter 4.
United Nations. Overview: The United Nations also known as “UN” is an organization composed of many countries throughout the world. The organization was.
National & International Political Divisions Francisci WG.10b.
Lesson 4. Objectives  Explain mission, function, and range of different regional and international governmental and non-governmental organizations.
Supranational Organizations & the Future of the State?
Government 1740 Lecture 6: International Law and International Organizations: Focus on the UN INTERNATIONAL LAW Summer 2008.
International Organizations. Early International Organizations The rise of formal international organizations in the 19 th century was a result of many.
UNIT 4 revision The UK and the wider world EUROPE.
C OUNTRIES W ORKING T OGETHER … R EGIONAL G ROUPS.
Copyright © 2006 by Pearson Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved Slides developed by Les Wiletzky PowerPoint Slides to Accompany ESSENTIALS OF BUSINESS AND.
Law LA1: European Union Institutions European Union Institutions AS Level Law: Unit 1.
League of Nations League of Nations. League of Nations Palace of Nations—Geneva, Switzerland—League Headquarters Palace of Nations—Geneva, Switzerland—League.
Copyright © 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved The United Nations (UN)  The UN is possibly the best- known worldwide organization.
Objectives  Explain mission, function, and range of different regional and international governmental and non-governmental organizations.
The Cold War ( ). After World War 2: ● The old European powers no longer world leaders (GB, France, Germany) ● All countries war torn ● Only 2.
THE EUROPEAN UNION How does the structure of government within the EU compare with the structure of government in the United States?
Origins of United Nations
Countries Working Together… Regional Groups
International Organization: The Alternative Structure
Brain Boost: Answer both of the following questions in two complete sentences: What are some things that cause conflict around the world? What are some.
The United Nations Established in 1945, with to maintain international peace and security , to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate.
Model United Nations BY: Sachin B V
International Organizations
New Global Communities
Civilization Timeline (all dates estimations)
6.7 The United Nations.
Chapter 8 Section 5 Text pages
International Organizations and the United Nations
America’s Role in the International Community
New Global Communities
Presentation transcript:

Topics for today Events of the day/week IGOs and theories of IR UN and EU Study Questions, Nau p. 392  Do you know the answers? Why is the United Nations relatively less successful than the European Union? 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

States – and what else? International Governmental Organizations (IGOs)  United Nations, European Union, UNESCO, NATO, FAO, WHO, WMO…. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)  Economic power: Multinational Corporations (MNCs)  Moral power: Transnational Advocacy Networks  Illicit power: Drug Cartels and Terrorists 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

IGOs and NGOs IGO: created and joined by governments, which give them authority to make collective decisions to manage particular global problems. NGO: not created by states or other intergovernmental organizations Examples: Oxfam, International Red Cross, Amnesty International, Greenpeace, etc. 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

IGOs in international relations Neorealism: Instruments of great powers Neoliberal institutionalism: Arenas facilitating cooperation Idealism/Constructivism: Actors shaping state interests and behavior 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Liberalism: IGO as arenas IGOs primarily lower transaction and information costs for states:  Provide a forum for discussion  Supply information about problems/other actors  Help with monitoring/enforcement  Provide third-party mediation 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Idealism: IGO as actors Shape the social environment of states:  Frame and constitute the state system  Favor cooperative solutions to global problems (forum effects)  Teach states about their interests  De-legitimize certain interests and behavior (use of violence, nuclear and biological weapons, etc.).  Empower non-state activism and (universal) norms 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Classifying IGOs Who is admitted as a member? What are the responsibilities of an IGO? What are the decision-making procedures?  Majority voting, weighted voting, unanimity voting What are the competencies of administrative bodies (secretariat)? What mechanisms for dispute resolution exist? >>>> Comparing UN and EUUNEU 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Classifying IGOs Mandate Membership Universal General UN Limited Specialized UNESCO, ILO, WTO, UNICEF, FAO, UNHCR, WHO OPEC EU NATO OAS G-77 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Comparing the UN and the EU The United Nations  Headquarters: New York (Geneva, Vienna), Budget: $1.8 billion (2005; 4.5b for peacekeeping); ten states pay for 75% of the budget  Multi-purpose and global organization devoted to international peace and security/promotion of universal aims  Main bodies: Security Council and General Assembly The European Union  Headquarters: Brussels (Strasbourg, Luxembourg), Budget: $121 billion (2005)Budget  Mainly economic organization with regional membership  Main bodies: European Commission, Parliament, Council, Court of Justice, European Central Bank. 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

UN Budget for 2005 (in Million-$): top contributors United States*: 440 (24%) Japan: 346 (19%) Germany: 154 (8%) UK*: 109 (6%) France*: 107 (6%) Italy: 87 (5%) Canada: 50 (3%) Spain: 45 (2%) China*: 37 (2%) Mexico: 34 (2%) South Korea: 32 (1.9%) Netherlands: 30 (1.7%) Russia*: 29 (1.3%) Australia: 28 (1.2%) Brazil: 27 (1.2%) Switzerland: 21 (1%) 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

General Assembly and Security Council Security Council: 15 members; ten non- permanent, five permanent with veto power (China, US, Russia, France, and Great Britain). General Assembly: One state-one vote. Africa and Asia combine now for 56 per cent of the GA votes, rather than 24 per cent in See chart.chart 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Comparing Institutions I European Commission: independent from member states, exclusive authority to initiate legislation, “guardian of the treaties,” about 25,000 civil servants for 25 member states UN Secretariat: responsible for day-today operations; services the principal organs of the UN; about 8,900 civil servants for 192 member states 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Comparing Institutions II European Parliament: directly elected representatives from all member states; approves the budget (with the Council) UN General Assembly: one state – one vote; makes primarily non-binding decisions (resolutions; except: budget) 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Comparing Institutions III European Court of Justice: power to interpret and enforce EU treaties; hears cases from individuals and corporations; effective in enforcing community law International Court of Justice: relies on prior acceptance by state parties; hears cases from states only; ineffective in enforcing international law 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Regional IGOs Americas: Organization of American States Organization of American States (OAS) MERCOSUR Africa: African Union African Union (AU, since 2002); previously: Organization of African Unity (OAU) Asia: Association of South East Asian Nations Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Middle East: League of Arab States 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Why is European integration a success? Why is European integration progressing while the UN struggles to fulfill its mandate?  Shock of World War II and the Holocaust.  United States support during in Cold War.  Economic integration as focal point. Economic growth of the 1950s/60s legitimized integration.  Cultural differences are less pronounced. Europe: A model for the rest of the world? Answer: Not likely. The United States and Germany played a unique role in the unification of Europe. 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz

Summary: Understanding IGO success and limits Lessons Learned  Unique conditions in Europe after World War II.  Start with a small number of countries and focus only on economic integration.  Avoid a mismatch of mandate and capabilities.  Expand mandate and membership slowly.  Pre-screen new members and create separate steps of integration; members must be democracies.  Deepen integration on the basis of consensus, even if it takes longer. 2/13/2008Hans Peter Schmitz