Chapter 17 Sections 2 The Northern Renaissance The Northern Renaissance Arnolfini Wedding Portrait Northern Renaissance
Today’s Goal You will be able to… Understand the characteristics of the Northern Renaissance and Christian humanism.
Northern Renaissance Similar to Italy wealth from trade Different from Italy - Unified under strong rulers - Emphasis on realism - Social reform Similar to Italy wealth from trade Different from Italy - Unified under strong rulers - Emphasis on realism - Social reform
German Artists Albrecht Dürer (realism) Hans Holbein Albrecht Dürer (realism) Hans Holbein
Dürer – Self- Portrait in Fur- Collared Robe, 1500
Dürer The Last Supper woodcut, 1510
Holbein Artist to the Tudors Henry VIII (left), 1540 and the future Edward VI (above), 1543.
Holbein’s, The Ambassadors, 1533 A Skull
Flemish Artists Jan van Eyck –Oil-based paints –Very realistic Pieter Bruegel –Scenes from everyday peasant life –Rich colors, vivid details, balance Jan van Eyck –Oil-based paints –Very realistic Pieter Bruegel –Scenes from everyday peasant life –Rich colors, vivid details, balance
Van Eyck: The Crucifixion & The Last Judgment
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife (Wedding Portrait) Jan Van Eyck 1434
Jan van Eyck - Giovanni Arnolfini & His Wife (details)
Bruegel’s, Tower of Babel, 1563
Bruegel’s, The Harvesters, 1565
Christian Humanism Criticized Church’s failure to inspire people to live Christian lives Focused on reform of society Promoted education (Of women too!) Criticized Church’s failure to inspire people to live Christian lives Focused on reform of society Promoted education (Of women too!)
Christian Humanists: Desiderius Erasmus The Praise of Folly –Poked fun at merchants, lovers, scholars, & priests –Christianity was not about rules and ceremony –Believed in study of the Bible The Praise of Folly –Poked fun at merchants, lovers, scholars, & priests –Christianity was not about rules and ceremony –Believed in study of the Bible
Christian Humanists: Sir Thomas More Utopia “no place” (Greek), “ideal place” (English) –Imaginary world with no greed, corruption or war Utopia “no place” (Greek), “ideal place” (English) –Imaginary world with no greed, corruption or war
Women’s Reforms: Christine de Pizan Educated woman, writer Attacked the differential treatment of boys and girls Argued that women should be educated Educated woman, writer Attacked the differential treatment of boys and girls Argued that women should be educated
The Elizabethan Age (Queen Elizabeth I) William Shakespeare - Great playwright in London - Wrote poems & plays to be performed at Globe Theater - Inspired by the classics - Works examined the soul as well as human nature & flaws William Shakespeare - Great playwright in London - Wrote poems & plays to be performed at Globe Theater - Inspired by the classics - Works examined the soul as well as human nature & flaws
Gutenberg’s Printing Press Chinese block printing – slow & meticulous Johann Gutenberg of Germany invented printing press Produced books quickly & cheaply – many people could afford copies Greatly spread Renaissance ideas Chinese block printing – slow & meticulous Johann Gutenberg of Germany invented printing press Produced books quickly & cheaply – many people could afford copies Greatly spread Renaissance ideas
Gutenberg Bible, 1455
Legacy of the Renaissance Changes in the arts Techniques of classical Greece & Rome Realistic portrayal of people & nature Both secular & religious Vernacular language Praised individual achievement Changes in the arts Techniques of classical Greece & Rome Realistic portrayal of people & nature Both secular & religious Vernacular language Praised individual achievement
Changes in Society Info became cheap & available Increased desire for learning & literacy Published new discoveries & legal proceedings Humanists reformed society People began to question political structures & religious practices Changes in Society Info became cheap & available Increased desire for learning & literacy Published new discoveries & legal proceedings Humanists reformed society People began to question political structures & religious practices