1. Chapter 17 Section 2 Notes

2. Intro: 1.In the 1400’s northern Europeans began to adopt the ideas of the Renaissance. 2. Renaissance ideas such as the importance of the individual are a strong part of modern thought

3. I. The Northern Renaissance Begins

4. A. By 1453 cities in northern Europe were recovering from the Bubonic Plague and the Hundred Years Wars between England and France

5. B. Flanders (Belgium) is where the Northern Renaissance began

6. C. Rulers in France and England helped spread the Renaissance to those countries

7. 1. Francis I sponsored the arts in France

8. D. Northern Renaissance humanist developed plans for social reform based on Christian beliefs

9. II. Artistic Ideas Spread

10. A. In 1494 France goes to war with Italy and many Italian artists fled to Northern Countries

11. B. German Painters

12.                                                                                                               
Albrecht Dürer painted Adoration of the Trinity after returning from studying in Italy.
1. Albrecht Durer

13. Pond in the Woods c. 1496 Watercolor and gouache on paper 26 x 37 cm British Museum, London
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse 1498 Woodcut 39 x 28 cm

14. a. Woodcuts and engravings of religion and classical myths

15. 2. Hans Holbein the Younger

16. Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam 1523 Wood, 76 x 51 cm National Gallery, London
Henry VIII
(`The Ambassadors') 1533 Oil on oak, 207 x 209 cm National Gallery, London

17. a. Royal family portraits with photographic detail

18. 1. King Henry VIII

19. C. Flemish Painters ( Individuals and worldly pleasures)

20. 1. Jan van Eyck

21. Man in a Red Turban
Portrait of Cardinal Niccolò Albergati Oil on wood, 34,1 x 27,3 cm Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini c Oil on wood, 29 x 20 cm Staatliche Museen, Berlin

22. a. Invented oil paints

23. b. Revealed personality of subjects

24. 2. Pieter Bruegel the Elder

25. The Harvesters
The Beggars
Peasant wedding

26. a. Captured scenes of everyday peasant life
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a. Captured scenes of everyday peasant life
Flemish Peasant Life
The Flemish painter Pieter Bruegel often portrayed peasants. Many of his paintings provide information about peasant life in the 1500s.

27. 1. Weddings, dances, and harvests

28. D. Dutch Painters

29. 1. Rembrandt Van Rijn

30. Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn Dutch, 1632 Oil on panel 24 1/2 x 30 5/16 in.

31. The Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

32. a. Considered the Dutch Master

33. III. Northern Writers Try to Reform Society

34. A. Writers adopt the Renaissance ideas of humanism

35. 1. Some gave it a religious slant became known as Christian humanists

36. B. Christian Humanists

37. 1. Desiderius Erasmus (Holland)

38. a. 1509 writes the book The Praise of Folly

39. 1. Poked fun at greedy merchants, quarrelsome scholars, and pompous priests

40. b. Believed in Christianity of the heart not ceremonies

41. 2. Sir Thomas More (England)

42. a. 1516, writes the book Utopia

43. 1. About an imaginary land inhabited by peace-loving people where greed, corruption, war, and crime had been weeded out

44. C. French Humanist

45. 1. Francois Rabelais (France)

46. a. Wrote comic adventure Gargantua and Pantagruel

47. 1. About two giants that traveled through France

48. 2. Poked fun at society, education, and government

49. D. William Shakespeare (English)

50. 1. Greatest playwright of all time, command of English language, and understanding of human beings

51. 2. Scenes of dramatic conflict, tragedies

52. 3. Works include, Macbeth, King Lear, Hamlet, A Midsummer Night’s
3. Works include, Macbeth, King Lear, Hamlet, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Romeo and Juliet, and Julius Caesar

53. E. The Elizabethan Age

54. 1. Named after Queen Elizabeth I 1558-1603

55. 2. She spoke English, French, Italian, Latin, and Greek

56. IV. Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideas

57. A. Gutenberg invents the Printing Press
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
Only 46 copies of the Gutenberg Bible still exist in the world. Because of this, each copy is considered priceless. A part of a page is shown above right.

58. 1. Johann Gutenberg, from Mainz, Germany invents movable type in Europe in 1440

59. 2. His first book was the Gutenberg Bible in 1445

60. B. Printing Spreads Learning

61. 1. Books became cheaper because more were being printed

62. 2. New ideas spread quick

63. 3. Literacy arose

64. 4. Vernacular language helped those that couldn’t afford a classical education

66. 1 = B
2 = H