Starter Activity  (1) List the reasons WHY you like to take part in your favourite sport.  (2) Then brainstorm with your partner to share ideas, he may have though of a factor that could apply to you.

Starter Activity Factors that affected my participation in my favourite sport.

Body Shapes  Learning Objectives:  By the end of this lesson: (1) All of you will be able to explain somatotype (2) All of you will be able to recall and explain the three types of somatotype. (3) Most of you will be able to comfortably place a sportsperson or yourself on a somatotype scale.

Individual Differences  There are many differences in people’s physical shape and size  The following are the main factors which create the individual size of a person:  H-----  W-----  B--- F--  B--- S---  M----- Girth

A bit of history for you....  This method of identifying people by their body shape is called SOMATOTYPING  WJ Sheldon devised this method in  It was adapted by Professor Tanner after he studied sportspeople in the 1960 Olympic Games.

Somatotypes

Identifying the three types  Endomorph:  Tendency to put on fat  Soft roundedness of shape  Short tapering limbs  Small bones  Wide hips

Identifying the three types  mesomorph:  High proportion of muscle  Large trunk  Heavy chest  Broad shoulders  Narrow hips

Identifying the three types  ectomorph:  LeanLarge  Fragile  Delicate body  Small bones  Narrow shoulders  Narrow hips

Measuring the three types  Each type has a 1-7 score  1 is low and 7 is high.  Each person is measured to find their personal mark.  A non-sportsperson may be:  4,3,3 (4-medium endomorphy, 3- low mesomorphy and 3- low ectomorphy)

Sport attracts extremes  Very few people have extreme examples of body type.  Most people have a combination of all three.  Sportspeople have more mesomorphic (muscle) and ectomorphic (thinness) than endomorphic (fatness)  A top class sport, however will attract the ebst extremes of body type to suit that game.  Basketball for instance will attract players who are very tall and thin but with muscle (ectomorph and mesomorph)

Measuring the body: Fat ratio of the body  To do this we use a skin- fold calliper.  Biceps  Triceps  Supra-iliac  Subscapula

Measuring the body: Measuring bones  Measuring bones gives the size of bones in relationship to the muscle and fat levels of the body.  Elbow joint  Knee joint

Measuring the body: Measuring muscles  We can measure our muscle girth using a tape measure.  Bicep girth  Gastrocnemius girth