P ALPATION /MMT/S PECIAL T ESTS Hip and Thigh Musculature

P ALPATIONS Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS) Greater Trochanter Hip Distraction

P URPOSE Detect any muscle weakness or lack of ROM when compared bilaterally May indicated muscle strain or nerve damage ALL MMT IS PERFORMED BILATERALLY

H IP F LEXION Iliopsoas Ath position Seated with knees over the side of the table Stabilize Contralateral ASIS Resistance Distal femur

H IP E XTENSION Muscles being tested: When knee is extended : Hamstrings and Gluteus Max When knee is flexed : Isolated Gluteus Max Ath Position: Prone Stabilizing: Posterior Pelvis /PSIS Resisting: Posterior distal thigh

A DDUCTION Adductor muscles: Adductor Magnus, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, Gracilis Ath position: Side lying ON the side being tested, knees extended Stabilize: Ath actively stabilizes pelvis and torso Hold non-testing leg under knee Resistance: medial femur

A BDUCTION : Abductor Muscles: Gluteus Medius and Gluteus minimus Ath position: Side lying on OPPOSING side with top knee slightly bent Stabilizing: Pelvis and torso actively stabilized by ath Resistance: Over lateral femoral condyle

I NTERNAL R OTATION Internal rotator muscles: Gluteus Minimus, TFL, Gluteus Medius Ath position: Seated with knees flexed over table Stabilization: Ath actively stabilizes themselves Resistance: Lateral malleoli

E XTERNAL R OTATORS External rotator muscles: Obturator internus, Obterator externus, quadratus femoris, Piriformis, Gemellus inferior and superior, Gluteus maximus Ath position: Seated with knees flexed over edge of table Stabilizing: Ath actively stabilizes themselves Resistance: Over medial malleoli

S PECIAL T ESTS Thomas Test for Hip Flexor Tightness Ely’s Test for Rectus Femoris Tightness Hip Scouring Test