1. Gluteal Compartment/ Lateral Compartment:
Muscles & Bones
Class #4
Gluteal Compartment/ Lateral Compartment:
Hip Compartment:
Femoral Triangle:

2. Medial Thigh Compartment
Nerve: Obturator Nerve (adductor muscles)
Pes Anserinus (the proximal anteriomedial tibia)
The common insertion for three thigh muscles
Anterior- Sartorious
Medial- Gracilis
Posterior- Semitendinosus

3. Gluteal Compartment/Posterior Thigh Compartment
The gluteal group: ( Gluteas= greek for rump)
1: Gluteus Maximus
O: Post. Sacrum & Sup. Gluteal line of ilium
I: Gluteal Tuberosity of femur; combines with tensor fasciae latae in Iliotibial band (which continues on to attach to lateral condyle of tibia)
A: Ext. of hip ; lateral rot. Of hip

4. Gluteal Group Gluteus Medius
O: iliac crest; between sup. And middle gluteal lines.
I: (lat. Surface) greater trochanter of femur
A: abduction of femur at hip
medial rotation of femur at hip

5. Gluteal group Gluteus Minimus
O: post. Ilium, between middle and inf. Gluteal lines
I: anterior surface of greater trochanter
A: abduction of femur at hip joint
medial rotation of femur at hip

6. Lateral Hip Muscles Abduction of the Hip
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
TFL
Sartorius

7. Lateral Thigh Tensor Fasciae Latae
Tensor=one that stretches; fasciae=bands; latae=wide
O: ASIS
I: iliotibial band (combines with gluteus maximus) which continues on to attach to the lateral condyle of the tibia
A: assists with abduction
medial rotation
(flexion of femur at the hip joint)
(assists with ext. of leg at knee)
IT band helps stabilize knee during ambulation.

8. Lateral/External Rotators of the Hip
Biceps femoris
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius (post. fibers)
Sartorius
Piriformis
Gamellus superior
Obtruator internus
Gamellus inferior
Obtruator externus
Quadratus Femoris
Psoas major
Iliacus

9. Lateral Thigh Deep 6 lateral rotators (pg322)
“Piriformis and the GOGO Q’s”
Piriformis = means pear shaped
O: ant. Sacrum
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: lateral rotation of femur at hip joint

10. Lateral Thigh
GO GO Q’s
Gemellus Superior O: ischium I: greater trochanter
Obturator Internus O: obturator foramen I: greater trochanter
Gemellus Inferior O: ischium I: greater trochanter
Obturator Externus O: obturator foramen I: trochanteric fossa
Quadratus Femoris O: ischial tuberosity (lat. Border) I: intertrochanteric crest

11. Lateral Thigh Piriformis Syndrome:
A condition in which the piriformis muscle tightens causing compression on the sciatic nerve, mimicking sciatica. This pain will be noticed along the posterior thigh region, and can radiate to the posterior knee.

12. Hip Flexors Psoas Major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas)
Psoas major and iliacus usually referred to as “iliopsoas” because of their common insertion and action.
Deep abdominal muscle- known to butcher as “tenderloin” or “filet mignon”
O: psoas-lumbar vertebrae T12-L5
Iliacus- iliac fossa
I: lessor trochanter of femur
A: Flex. And Lat. Rot. Of femur at hip joint if thigh is fixed, flex. Of trunk at hip joint.

13. Bones of the foot pg 83 Calcaneus Talus Navicular Cuboid
Cuneiform I, II, III
Metatarsals 1-5 (medial to lateral)
Phalanges: proximal, middle, distal (great toe has no middle, only proximal and distal.
Tarsals: calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, cuneiform I,II,III

14. Anterior Leg Muscles Dorsiflexion of the Foot
Tibialis ant.
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicus longus

15. Anterior Leg Muscles Tibialis anterior
O: lateral shaft of tibia (lat. Condyle, interossous membrane)
I: base of 1st metatarsal (plantar surface)
base of 1st cuneiform (plantar surface)
A: dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint
inversion (of foot at tarsal joints)

16. Ant. Leg muscles Extensor digitorum longus
O: lat. Condyle of tibia, proximal ant. Shaft of fibula
I: middle and distal phalanges of 4 lat. Toes
(front of leg to phalanges)
A: ext. of 4 lat. Toes
assists dorsiflexion of ankle

17. Ant. Leg muscles Extensor hallucis longus
O: middle ant. Shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx of great toe
(front of leg to great toe)
A: ext. of great toe
assists dorsiflexion of ankle

18. Ant. Leg muscles Peroneus Tertius
O: ant. Distal fibula (with extensor Digitorum longus)
I: base of 5th metatarsal
A: eversion of foot
assists dorsiflexion

19. Lateral Leg Muscles Eversion of the Foot
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis
Extensor digitorum longus

20. Lateral leg muscles Peroneus Longus
O: head of proximal lateral shaft of fibula
I: base of 1st metatarsal (lat. Side); plantar surface of 1st cuneiform
A: eversion of foot at tarsal joints
assists plantar flexion of ankle
Peroneus longus and Tibialis anterior meet up at insertion points– forms a stirrup for the foot.

21. Lat. Leg muscles Peroneus Brevis O: lat. Shaft of fibula (distal 2/3)
I: base of 5th metatarsal
A: eversion of foot
assists plantar flexion of ankle

22. Posterior Leg Muscles Plantarflexion of the Foot
Gastroncnemius
Soleus
Tibialis post.
Peroneus longus (assists)
Peroneus brevis (assists)
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallicus longus
Plantaris

23. Posterior Leg Muscles Gastrocnemius O: med. And lat. Condyles of femur
I: calcaneus via achilles tendon
A: plantar flexion of foot at ankle joint
Can act on knee or ankle, but not simultaneously

24. Post. Leg muscles Soleus
Soleus is latin for sole, a flat fish…it’s a flat broad muscle.
O: soleal line of tibia, post. Head and upper shaft of fibula
I: calcaneus via achilles tendon
A: plantar flexion of foot at ankle joint
Soleus is the strongest plantar flexor

25. Post. Leg muscles
Gastronemius and soleus together form the “triceps surae”
Plantaris
O: lateral epicondyle of femur
I: calcaneus via achilles tendon
A: assists plantar flexion of foot at ankle

26. Post. Leg muscles Popliteus
Initiates knee flexion by medial rotation of tibia to “unlock” the extended knee
“the key that unlocks the knee”
Tibialis Posterior
O: post. Tibia, post. Fibula, interosseous membran.
I: navicular and adjacent metatarsals on plantar surface (back of leg to navicular & metatarsals)
A: inversion of foot
assists plantarflexion of ankle

27. Post. Leg muscles Flexor Digitorum longus O: post. Tibia
I: distal phalanges of 4 lat. Toes on plantar surface (back of leg to 4 lat. Toes)
A: flexion of 4 lat. Toes
assists plantar flexion of ankle

28. Post. Leg muscles Flexor Hallucis longus O: post. Fibula
I: distal phalanx of great toe (plantar surface)
(back of leg to great toe)
A: flexion of great toe, assists plantarflexion of ankle

29. Post. Leg muscles “Tom, Dick and Harry” Tibialis posterior
Flexor Digitorum longus
Flexor Hallucis longus
deep post. Calf muscles whose tendons go around medial malleolus in this order of ant. Superficial to post. Deep.