ABSOLUTE MONARCHS IN EUROPE 1500-1800 CH. 7 B

RUSSIAN CZAR’S INCREASE POWER IVAN III: RULED RUSSIA FROM 1462-1505. IVAN III’S THREE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: 1. CONQUERED TERRITORY AROUND MOSCOW. 2. LIBERATED RUSSIA FROM THE MONGELS. 3. BEGAN TO CENTRALIZE RUSSIAN GOV’T. FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS: IVAN III WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON VASILY; WHO WAS SUCCEEDED BY HIS SON IVAN IV.

FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS: A. IVAN TOOK THE THRONE AT AGE THREE. B. BOYARS: RUSSIAN NOBLES. C. BOYARS FOUGHT TO CONTROL IVAN. D. AT AGE 16 IVAN SEIZED THE CROWN AND DECLARED HIMSELF CZAR (RUSSIAN CEASAR). IVAN’S GOOD YEARS(1547-1560): RULED JUSTLY; MADE CODE OF LAWS; ADDED LANDS. IVAN’S BAD YEARS: BEGAN IN 1560 AFTER HIS WIFE’S DEATH; HE ACCUSSED BOYARS FOR HER DEATH AND USED A SECRET POLICE TO KILL BOYARS AND STRIP THEM OF THEIR LAND.

FROM IVAN TO THE ROMANOVS: RISE OF THE ROMANOVS: A. AFTER IVAN’S DEATH AND HIS SON’S DEATH, MICHAEL ROMANOV TOOK OVER.THE ROMANOV FAMILY WOULD RULE FOR 300 YEARS.

PETER THE GREAT TAKES THE THRONE: PETER BECAME THE SOLE RULER OF RUSSIA IN 1696. Czar_Peter_Takes_Power_asf.asf WESTERNIZATION: USING WESTERN EUROPE AS A MODEL FOR CHANGE. PETER SENDS GOV’T OFFICIALS TO W. EUROPE TO STUDY EUROPEAN SHIPS AND TECHNOLOGY. PETER BROUGHT RUSSIAN ORTHADOX CHURCH UNDER CONTROL OF THE STATE. REDUCED THE POWER OF LAND OWNERS AND GRANTED LAND TO THE POOR. IMPOSED TAXES AND IMPROVED THE ARMY.

PETER THE GREAT TAKES THE THRONE: PETER’S 4 ATTEMPTS TO WESTERNIZE RUSSIA: Bringing_Western_Ideas_to_Russia_asf.asf 1. INTRO. POTATOES 2. STARTED RUSSIA’S 1ST NEWSPAPER 3. RAISED WOMEN’S STATUS. 4. ORDERED NOBLES TO GIVE UP TRADITIONAL CLOTHES. The_Costs_of_Building_St__Petersburg_asf.asf

PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH MONARCHY MONARCH’S CLASH W/ PARLIAMENT A. -ELIZABETH’S SUCCESSOR WAS JAMES STUART, KING OF SCOTLAND (JAMES I). 1. JAMES THOUGHT HE HAD OVERALL POWER, BUT PARLIAMENT MADE MONEY DECISIONS. 2. JAMES APPROVED A NEW TRANSLATION OF THE BIBLE. B. CHARLES I (JAMES SON) FIGHTS PARLIAMENT:

PARLIAMENT LIMITS THE ENGLISH MONARCHY 1. CHARLES SIGNS PETITION OF RIGHT W/ PARLIAMENT. NO IMPRISONMENT W/OUT DUE CAUSE. NO TAXES W/OUT PARLIAMENT CONSENT. NO SOLDIERS HOUSED IN PRIVATE HOMES. NO MARTIAL LAW IN PEACE TIME. 2. AFTER AGREEING TO TERMS CHARLES IGNORED THEM. 3. CHARLES THEN DISSOLVED PARLIAMENT.

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 1. WAR TOPPLES KING: A. PARLIAMENT PASSED LAWS TO LIMIT ROYAL POWER. B. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR: N LOYAL TO CHARLES AND WERE CALLED ROYALIST OR CAVALIERS VS. SOUTHERN PURITAN SUPPORTERS OF PARLIAMENT OR ROUNDHEADS. C. OLIVER CROMWELL: HIS NEW MODEL ARMY DEFEATED CAVALIERS AND CAPTURED CHARLES. D. CHARLES PUT TO TRIAL FOR TREASON AND SENTENCED TO DEATH.

RESTORATION AND REVOLUTION CROMWELL RULED UNTIL HIS DEATH AND THE PEOPLE ASKED CHARLES SON TO RULE. PRINCE CHARLES II: TAKES OVER ENGLAND AND RESTORES THE MONARCHY; THIS IS CALLED THE RESTORATION. WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS: STATED THAT ALL PRISONERS MUST BE BROUGHT BEFORE A JUDGE. CHARLES II HAD NO CHILDREN AND HIS HEIR WAS HIS CATHOLIC BROTHER JAMES II. 1. TORIES: SUPPORTED JAMES 2. WHIGS: OPPOSED JAMES

RESTORATION AND REVOLUTION JAMES II BECOMES KING AND IS OVERTHROWN IN THE SAKE OF PROTESTANTISM.

POLITICAL CHANGES CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY: LAWS LIMIT RULER’S POWER. ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS: 1. NO SUSPENDING PARLIAMENTS LAWS. 2. NO LEVYING TAXES W/OUT PARLIAMENT’S CONSENT. 3. NO INTERFERING W/ FREEDOM OF SPEECH IN PARLIAMENT. 4. NO PENALTY FOR CITIZENS PETITIONING THE KING ABOUT GRIEVENCES. WILLIAM AND MARY CONSENT TO THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND THEIR POWER IS LIMITED,

POLITICAL CHANGES CABINET FORMS: GOV’T OFFICIALS THAT ACT IN THE RULERS NAME. THE ENGLISH KING IS NOW A FIGUREHEAD.