Cells and Cell Organelle Osmosis and Diffusion Macro- molecules And Enzymes Energy and Cell Respiration Photo- synthesis Bacteria and Viruses

Example What is the University of Washington? A public institution in the Pacific Northwest with a Husky named “Dubs” as its mascot

This cell organelle is responsible for holding water and other nutrients for a plant cell. Vacuole 100

200 These cell organelles are membrane-bound and are present in a typical animal cell. Nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplast.

300 This cell organelle is responsible for packaging new viruses out of the cell as baby viruses. Golgi Apparatus

400 The cell organelles are all made of macromolecules. Name 3 macromolecules and a corresponding cell organelle that is made of that macromolecule. Cell Membrane, DNA, ATP Synthase,

500 Cells are the basic unit of life. They are made possible by the different solutions with different salt concentrations. Identify 3 different solutions we studied in cell biology. 1.Mitochondrial Matrix / Intermembrane Space 2.Stroma and Thylakoid Membrane 3.Cytoplasm and Extra cellular Fluid

100 Define osmosis The passive diffusion of water across a semi- permeable membrane.

200 All particles in the universe naturally move in this direction. From high concentration to low concentration.

300 Glucose can only enter with the help of a protein. Diffusion with the help a protein is called this. Facilitated Diffusion

400 According the following data, is the egg hypotonic or hypertonic to the surrounding solution. Hypotonic Initial MassFinal Mass g90.30 g

500 Diffusion is a universal fact in science. Identify 3 different examples of diffusion in our studies so far. Facilitated diffusion with glucose, diffusion of hydrogen in the mitochondrial matrix, diffusion of water in osmosis.

100 Define enzyme. A special protein that speeds up chemical reactions.

200 The relationship between activation energy and enzymes is this. Enzymes lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction.

300 Enzymes are found in nearly all living organisms. Why are enzymes important for life to happen? Enzymes speed up essential chemical reactions to break down or build molecules.

400 We studied many different types of enzymes that break down macromolecules. Name 4 different enzymes. Lipase, Amylase, Protease, and Bromelase

500 Enzymes also build molecules when necessary. They do not just break substrates down. Name 1 enzymes that builds instead of breaks down. ATP Synthase

100 Define energy. The ability to do work.

200 One difference between metabolism and cellular respiration is this. Metabolism is all of the cellular processes in the body. Cellular respiration is just one process.

300 State the chemical equation for cellular respiration. 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 => 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP

400 Cellular currency is essential for energy production. Explain how NADH and FADH 2 assist in energy production. NADH and FADH 2 donate electrons to Oxidative Phosphorylation to create a permanent hydrogen gradient.

500 In science, matter cannot be created or destroyed. Therefore, the 6 carbons found in glucose are broken down into what molecules with how many carbon atoms? Pyruvate

100 Define an autotroph. An autotroph is an organism that create its own food.

200 The light-dependent reaction is responsible for performing this action for the plant cell. Creating ATP from sunlight.

300 These proteins called Photosystems have molecules that can absorb sunlight. Pigments

400 Explain the difference between the Kreb Cycle and the Calvin Cycle in terms of reactants and products. The Kreb Cycle makes NADH and FADH 2. The Calvin Cycle makes NADPH.

500 Producers create all the food on the planet for every living organism. This chemical reaction is responsible for feeding the entire planet. Name it. The light-independent reaction.

100 Define Virus. A parasitic organism that lives off the machinery of a host cell.

200 A virus uses these two cell organelles to make copies of its DNA and proteins. Nucleus and Ribosomes

300 Prokaryotes have 3 characteristics that are different from eukaryotes. Identify all 3. 1.No nucleus 2.Single-Celled 3.No membrane-bound organelles

400 Bacteria are very efficient at reproducing. Explain why. Ribosomes have direct contact with the DNA so proteins are made very quickly.

500 Biology is the study of life. Of all the organisms we studied so far, identify 4 characteristics that make life possible on Earth 1.Must be made of cells. 2.Must use energy 3.Must grow, eat, and reproduce. 4.Must respond to their environment.