Syntax Aka: Sentence structure

5 Kinds of Sentences 1.Declarative--makes statements Ms. Kitchens is a funny dresser. 2.Imperative--makes commands; sometimes contains the understood you –Papers in the tray. 3.Exclamatory--communicates strong emotion or surprise I love Ms. Kitchens!

5 Kinds of Sentences 4.Interrogative--asks questions Why is Ms. Kitchens so strange? 5.Conditional--expresses wishes (if…then) If Ms. Kitchens gives me an ‘A’, I will bring her non-fat lattes every Monday and Wednesday.

Loose Sentences A loose sentences expresses the main thought near the beginning and is followed by explanatory material. Ex: English is my favorite subject because we get to read awesome books, do cool assignments like beat poetry and drink milk with cookies. –What is the main thought here?

Periodic Sentences The main idea of a periodic sentence comes at the end of the sentence (near the period.) Ex: In English, we get to read awesome books, do cool assignment like beat poetry and drink milk with cookies and that is why English is my favorite subject.

You practice Here’s the main idea: –All beatniks were not drug addicts. Write a loose sentence using this idea (remember, the main idea will come 1st)

Practice Now, write a periodic sentence using the same main idea: –All beatniks were not drug addicts

Parallel Sentences A sentence is parallel when words or phrases are stated in the same way, usually gramatically Ex.: Ms. Kitchens likes to bake apple pie, eat with a fork and clean the kitchen. –What tense are all the verbs in? –What else is similar?

Parallel Sentences Repitition can also lead to parallelism in a sentence or a paragraph: Ex: “It was the best of times; it was the worst of times.” Ex: “I have a dream…I have a dream…” (This is repeated throughout King’s speech, making it parallel.)

Parallel Sentences Write a parallel sentence of your own, either using the idea of repitition or grammatical similarity. Check your partner’s paper.

MLK’s “I Have a Dream” Write down what you know about Martin Luther King or the Civil Rights Movement…

MLK’s “I Have a Dream” One of the most recognized symbols of Civil Rights Movement Delivered August 28, 1963 Part of March on Washington –200,000 people (listen for them in the background) –Anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation

MLK’s “I Have a Dream” King’s speech is full of parallelism and a variety of different syntax. Listen through the first time, keeping an ear attuned for parallelism. When we’re done listening, I’ll ask you to find loose and/or periodic sentences, plus the 5 types of sentences.

Your Dream Here’s your chance to emulate Martin Luther King! Using King’s “I Have Dream Speech,” write your own “I Have a Dream Speech.”

I Have a Dream Your speech must: –Be at least 3/4 of a page ( words) –Use some type of parallelism –Employ at least three different types of sentences (declarative, interrogative, conditional, etc.) –Must have at least one periodic sentence and one loose sentence

“I Have a Dream” Analysis What type of syntax does Martin Luther King employ in his “I Have a Dream Speech” and how does it further develop his purpose? –First, determine purpose –Next, figure out what kind of syntax he uses –Finally, how does that syntax help his purpose?