8 th Grade History Final Exam Review part two

Why did some Native Americans support the British during the War of 1812?

They had signed a land treaty with Great Britain

Why was the Lewis and Clark expedition sent into the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase territory?

To explore the new area for trade and settlement

The purchase of the Louisiana territory from France in 1803 did what for the United States?

Doubled the size of the US

The Mormons endured economic hardships and religious persecution and they moved from place to place. Where did they eventually settle?

The Great Salt Lake area in Utah

Why did people head west on the Oregon Trail?

Oregon was ideal for farming and fur trapping

The war with Mexico in 1846 gave the United States _______.

The Mexican Cession

As a nation, Americans were divided over the war with Mexico. What was the primary concern of those against the war?

Slavery would continue in new territories and Southern power would increase in Congress

Andrew Jackson believed that the Native Americans were ignorant, primitive people who were blocking the westward expansion of the United States. Which act or event was a direct result of this belief?

The Indian Removal Act of 1830

Why did Tecumseh form an Indian confederation among tribes?

To retain possession of land

How did Jackson feel about the National Bank Charter?

Jackson vetoed the bill passed by Congress to renew the national bank’s charter

In 1816, the first protective tariffs were established. What was a result of this action?

American manufacturing was safeguarded

What effect did the efficiency of the cotton gin have on slavery?

Slavery grew faster because more workers could produce more cotton

Why did the availability of western land lead to a demand for more slaves?

In order to maintain its balance of power, the South had to expand its plantation system to the West

Why did race riots occur in New York, Philadelphia, Cincinnati, and other large northern cities during the 1820s and 1830s?

Free blacks were competing with poor whites for jobs

What new right did Americans use during Jackson’s presidency?

The extension of suffrage

How did the Missouri Compromise of 1820 temporarily settle the slavery argument between the North and the South?

By maintaining the balance of slave states and free states

Describe the idea of Manifest Destiny

Americans believed that it was God’s will for them to settle from the Atlantic to the Pacific

How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 divide the nation further?

It supported the views of Southerners

What was the effect of the Dred Scott decision on pro-slavery position?

This decision made it stronger, which angered the anti-slavery groups

Why did the Compromise of 1850 worsen relationships between North and South?

Southerners became angry when Northerners ignored the Fugitive Slave Law

In the early nineteenth century, European states were looking for new colonies. As a result, President Monroe issued what came to be called the Monroe Doctrine. What did it involve?

It warned European countries to stay out of the Americas or risk war with the US

Why were Northerners willing to go to war with the South?

Northerners wished to preserve the union

Why was the slavery issue so important to Southerners?

Slavery was necessary for Southerners to maintain their economic way of life

What did General Ulysses Grant want to accomplish by ordering his armies to pursue a scorched earth policy in the south?

He wanted to destroy the Confederates’ supplies and weaken its will to fight

Which position on slavery did Abraham Lincoln hold before the election of 1860?

He was opposed to the introduction of slaves into the territories

Why was the Emancipation Proclamation an important political move for President Lincoln?

European nations stopped supporting the south

How did the South overcome the disadvantage of having a smaller army than the North?

The South utilized well-trained military leaders

What advantage did the North have over the South in fighting a lengthy war?

They had more men and resources

The Battle of Gettysburg took place July 1 to3, What was the reason this major battle was considered a turning point in the Civil War?

The Battle of Gettysburg cost General Lee a third of his army

What was the significance of the Battle of Vicksburg?

It gave the North complete control of the Mississippi River, opening supply routes

What was the main economic reason the North won the war?

The North had more factories and industries for war production

The 13 th and 15 th Amendments originally affected which group of people?

African Americans

What was the result of the passage of the 13 th Amendment?

Slavery was abolished

The 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th Amendments to the Constitution are called the Civil War Amendments. The 15 th Amendment...

gave African American men the right to vote

What did the 14 th Amendment guarantee?

Any person born in the US was a citizen

What was the goal of secret societies such as the Ku Klux Klan during the Reconstruction period?

To frighten African Americans who might be seeking a role in politics

What was the purpose of the Black Codes

To severely limit the rights of the freedman (former slaves)

What allowed Southern states to gradually replace slavery with a system of segregation?

sharecropping

What was a result of the Compromise of 1877?

The withdrawal of federal troops from the South