Plant Reproduction Section 1: Sexual Reproduction in Seedless Plants Chapter 24 Plant Reproduction Section 1: Sexual Reproduction in Seedless Plants Section 2: Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Section 3: Asexual Reproduction 1

Objectives: Sexual Reproduction in Seedless Plants Section 1 Sexual Reproduction in Seedless Plants Objectives: Summarize the life cycle of a moss. Summarize the life cycle of a fern. Compare and contrast the life cycle of a moss with the life cycle of a fern. 2

Reproduction in Nonvascular Plants Section 1 Sexual Reproduction in Seedless Plants Reproduction in Nonvascular Plants Life Cycle of a Moss In mosses, the “leafy” green gametophytes are larger than the sporophytes, which consist of a bare stalk and a spore capsule. Water is necessary for fertilization. 3

Reproduction in Seedless Vascular Plants Section 1 Sexual Reproduction in Seedless Plants Reproduction in Seedless Vascular Plants Life Cycle of a Fern In the life cycle of a fern, the sporophytes are much larger than the gametophytes. The thin, green, heart-shaped gametophytes produce both sperm and eggs. Water is necessary for fertilization. 4

Objectives: Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Section 2 Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Objectives: Distinguish the male and female gametophytes of seed plants. Describe the function of each part of a seed. Summarize the life cycle of a conifer. Relate the parts of a flower to their functions. Summarize the life cycle of an angiosperm. 5

Reproductive Structures of Seed Plants Section 2 Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Reproductive Structures of Seed Plants Reproductive Structures The tiny gametophytes of seed plants develop from spores that remain within sporophyte tissues. Male gametophytes develop into pollen grains, while female gametophytes develop inside ovules. 6

Seeds Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Section 2 Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Seeds Parts of a Seed A seed contains an embryo, which is a new sporophyte, and a supply of nutrients for the embryo. The cotyledons of an embryo help transfer nutrients to the embryo. A seed coat covers and protects a seed. 7

Cones Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Section 2 Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Cones Life Cycle of a Conifer In gymnosperms, male and female gametophytes develop in separate cones on the sporophytes. After fertilization, ovules develop into seeds, which grow into new sporophytes. 8

Flowers Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Section 2 Sexual Reproduction in Seed Plants Flowers Flowers and Their Pollinators Flowers have four types of parts—petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils. Petals attract pollinators. Sepals protect buds and may also attract pollinators. Pollen forms in anthers of stamens. Seeds develop in the ovary of a pistil. Life Cycle of an Angiosperm In angiosperms, male and female gametophytes develop in the flowers of the sporophytes. After fertilization, ovules develop into seeds, which grow into new sporophytes. 9

Asexual Reproduction Objectives: Section 3 Asexual Reproduction Objectives: Describe several types of vegetative reproduction in plants. Distinguish sexual reproduction in kalanchöes from asexual reproduction in kalanchöes. Recommend several ways to propagate plants. 10

Asexual Reproduction Vegetative Reproduction Section 3 Asexual Reproduction Vegetative Reproduction Vegetative Reproduction Vegetative reproduction is the growth of new plants from nonreproductive plant parts, such as stems, roots, and leaves. 11

Asexual Reproduction Plant Propagation Section 3 Asexual Reproduction Plant Propagation Vegetative Reproduction People often grow plants from their vegetative structures. This is called vegetative propagation. 12