Reconstruction

The South after the Civil War Towns and cities destroyed Farms and crops destroyed Their biggest way of making money (cotton) destroyed 1 out of 4 young white men are dead or seriously wounded.

How both sides felt about each other North’s feelings towards the South You killed Lincoln We lost lots of soldiers and money to keep you We are gonna have to spend a lot of money to rebuild you. You will Pay!!! South’s feelings towards the North We wanted our freedom and you beat us up You destroyed everything we had You are like a foreign country that invaded us and are telling us what to do. Our soldiers may have lost, but we will find a way to keep our lives the way it was. You will Pay!!!

13 th Amendment Ended Slavery

Presidential Reconstruction (Lincoln and Johnson) Will not punish the South Confederate soldiers got amnesty (forgiveness) if they took an oath of allegiance to the government When 10% of the people took their oath, they could run their own government

Andrew Johnson Former slave owner. He did nothing to protect or help freed slaves He is considered one of the worst presidents in our countries history.

Radical Republicans They were not happy with Andrew Johnson They wanted to punish the south They wanted to make sure that the freed slaves were protected They wanted to give African Americans the right to vote

Compromise of 1877 It was a close election. The Democrat won the most popular votes. But nobody won a majority of electoral votes. So the two parties made a deal, the Republicans got the Presidency. The Democrats got the end of Reconstruction and also all federal troops were removed from the South.

The Ku Klux Klan A group including many former Confederate veterans founded the first branch of the Ku Klux Klan as a social club in Pulaski, Tennessee, in The Ku Klux Klan had started to kill African Americans. Local Klan members–often wearing masks and dressed in the organization's signature long white robes and hoods–usually carried out their attacks at night, acting on their own but in support of the common goals of defeating Radical Reconstruction and restoring white supremacy in the South. At its peak in the 1920s, Klan membership exceeded 4 million people nationwide.

Grant Presidency Did attempt to enforce Reconstruction Presidency clouded by scandals Republican party divided between Stalwart and Liberal Republicans—little energy left to devote to Reconstruction.

Poll Taxes Poll taxes were taxes that had to be paid by registered voters. 1-2 dollars per person

Literacy Tests It was because blacks weren't educated and remember the south was racist towards black. So the south wanted to find ways so that the blacks couldn't vote so they made up the literacy test which made the blacks had to take a test and had to pass to become citizens and have the right to vote. The south wanted to make things difficult for the blacks.

Grandfather clause It was a law that would go against the 15th amendment. That allow blacks to vote. The law made it so that even if you were a black citizen you would not be able to vote. The way it worked is if your father or your grandfather could vote you didn't have to take the literacy test but because the test was so hard and because blacks have recently been given some rights there father would not be allowed to vote.

Jim Crow Laws After the civil war they passed the Jim Crow Laws that would keep blacks and white separate from one another. On buses bathrooms schools etc.

14 th Amendment Gave African Americans Citizenship National Definitions of Citizenship Equal Protection Clause Due Process Clause High Confederate Official banned from national office Confederate debt repudiated

15 th Amendment African Americans get the right to vote “ The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. ”

Failure of Reconstruction Southern whites were violently opposed to black rights; many in north were indifferent Rise of KKK Where army was present, KKK leaders were apprehended and imprisoned Land Reform—blacks (and poor whites) left to farm tenancy

Successes of Reconstruction Public Schools were created all over the South 13,14,15 th amendments