Video Production for Education & Training Bill Duff, Jr. Copyright 1999 College of Human Resources & Education West Virginia University

Storyboarding What is a storyboard A way to communicate the message to the project reviewers and developers including the graphic designers, video and audio developers, and programmers what will be shown in your video

Storyboarding What is a storyboard? –Process of planning a video highlighting the key points with text and visual –A help to get vision across to end user –Called the “interim phase” between imagination and production

Storyboarding What is a storyboard? is another way to get you thinking more concretely about requirements  helps you envision the picture you will build.  quick paper and pencil depiction of how the picture will appear to its end users.  an inexpensive way to begin to get some reaction from your viewer as to how a video will look  easy to generate and easy to change.

Storyboarding These storyboard drawings depict Kawalsky's battle with Teal'c as he attempts to escape Stargate Command in the episode, The Enemy Within

Storyboarding Storyboarding is an idea borrowed from the film industry in which all the camera shots and scenes are roughly sketched out before filming. Storyboarding provides an overall rough outline of what the end product will look like, including what goes where, who does what and when, and a conceptual idea of where your graphics go and what the image will look like overall.

Storyboarding Examples – –

Storyboarding Examples –

Storyboarding Making one: –Determine the sequence of shots that effectively tell the story –Write down the basic text that follows the shot –Draw a rough sketch of the shot including establishing shot, transitions and focus of attention

Storyboarding Includes: graphic sketch sound references video/animation user actions

Storyboarding background: color schemes: text attributes: audio: video: stills: Multimedia Storyboard project: date: screen: ___ of ___

Scriptwriting The process of writing text for a video narration or actors performing in front of a camera –includes comprehensive visual description, notes about the tone of the presentation, suggestions for types of music, and in some cases notes about timings of particular sequences

Scriptwriting Good scripts –are clear in narration –have visual clarity –engage the audience's emotions –make viewers care about the subject matter –using aural and visual variety

Scriptwriting What technique will best illustrate a necessary point: a narrator, a short clip from an interview, an electronically animated sequence, a graph, or a still photo?

Scriptwriting Writing for the electronic media is different from writing for print. Correlate Audio and Video Information Overload Lost & Bored

Scriptwriting Assume a conversational tone by using short sentences and an informal, approachable style. Engage your audience emotionally; make them care about both the people and content of your production. Provide adequate logical structure; let viewers know where you are going, which points are key concepts, and when you are going to change the subject. After making an important point, expound on it, illustrate it.

Scriptwriting Don't try to pack too many facts into one program. Give your audience a chance to digest one concept before moving on to another. Pace your presentation according to the ability of your target audience to grasp the concepts.

Scriptwriting Video terminology –dissolve…mixing from one shot to another –fade in/out..black to shot or vice versa –cut...straight shot to shot –super…superimposing graphic over shot –LS/MS/CU…..long shot, med shot, close up –zoom….zooming in to a closer shot, or out –dolly….right or left positioning

Scriptwriting Video terminology –EXT and INT designations are commonly listed in film scripts to indicate exterior and interior settings. –SOT - sound-on-tape. This indicates that the voice, music, or background sound will be from a videotape audio track. SOF-sound-on-film. –VTR - videotape, videotape recording. –VO (Voice Over) refers to narration heard over a video source. –OSV- off-screen voice. The voice indicated on the script is from a person who is not visible. –MIC stands for microphone.

Scriptwriting Video terminology –NAT - natural sound –POV- point of view. Dramatic scripts will often note that a shot will be seen from the point of view of a particular actor. –OS - over-the-shoulder shot. The picture shows the back of one person's head and possibly one shoulder. –ANNCR - stands for announcer. –KEY - the electronic overlay of titles and credits over background video. –SFX or F/X refer to special effects. These may be audio special effects (audio FX) or video special effects-effects that alter reality and are created in the production process.

Scriptwriting Shot designations you will find in scripts include: –LS-long shot or FS (full shot). With people, this is a shot from the top of their heads to their feet. When applied to talent an MS is normally a shot from the waist up. –On a person, a MCU (medium closeup) is a shot cropped between the shoulders and the belt line. –A relatively straight-on CU (closeup) is the most desirable for interviews. CUs are also commonly used for insert shots of objects when important details need to be shown. –XCUs are extreme closeups. On people this type of shot is reserved for dramatic impact. The XCU shot may show just the eyes of an individual. With objects an XCU is often necessary to reveal important detail.

Audio Script Music Hello, my name is Bill and today I’m going to tell you a story about my experiences in Czechoslovakia In 1968, …… In 1970, I ….. 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 TimeAudio text

Video Script TimeVideoAudio 00:00 00:30 01:00 02:00 Introduction Music From Merengue Hits Graphic – “Learn to Dance” Blue Bkrd, gold text CU of Bill Duff Introducing hinself Hi, my name is Bill Duff and I’m going to teach you the basics of dance MS of Bill & Tara But first, I’d like to Introduce you to my wife And dance partner, Tara