1. Planning a video Paul Mundy

2. Planning Who is your audience?  Novice beekeepers What is your objective?  Teach them how to avoid getting stung What is your message?  6 ways to avoid getting stung

3. Develop a story idea Don’t get stung!  Bee stings are painful, but not usually dangerous  Ways to avoid them when you a working with the bees  Wear protective clothing  Use a smoker  Stand behind the hive  Work slowly and calmly  Do not panic  Don’t hassle the bees

4. Draft a script Use conversational language, short words, short sentences Decide what will be narration and what will be interview Don’t use too many words Narration speed  120-150 words/minute  2 words/second  1 line of A4 text in 5 seconds

5. Example of a script Don’t get stung! Bee stings are painful. But unless you are allergic, they are not usually dangerous. How can you avoid getting stung when you are working with your bees? First, you can wear protective clothing that covers your whole body: gloves, boots and a veil. You won’t get stung, but it can get hot inside. And the veil gets in the way and makes it hard to see what you are doing. For most types of work, it’s possible to get by without any protective clothing. Here’s what to do. Use a smoker. You’ll need this anyway, even if you wear protective gear. Stand behind the hive. Bees get nervous if you stand in front of their front door. Work slowly and calmly. Bees can tell if you’re nervous, and they might attack you. Do not panic. If bees do start attacking you, move out of the way. Don’t hassle the bees. Be careful not to squash them! Do these things, and the bees will leave you alone. But if you do get stung… remember that after you have been stung about 30 times, it stops hurting so much! Don’t get stung! Bee stings are painful. But unless you are allergic, they are not usually dangerous. How can you avoid getting stung when you are working with your bees? First, you can wear protective clothing that covers your whole body: gloves, boots and a veil. You won’t get stung, but it can get hot inside. And the veil gets in the way and makes it hard to see what you are doing. For most types of work, it’s possible to get by without any protective clothing. Here’s what to do. Use a smoker. You’ll need this anyway, even if you wear protective gear. Stand behind the hive. Bees get nervous if you stand in front of their front door. Work slowly and calmly. Bees can tell if you’re nervous, and they might attack you. Do not panic. If bees do start attacking you, move out of the way. Don’t hassle the bees. Be careful not to squash them! Do these things, and the bees will leave you alone. But if you do get stung… remember that after you have been stung about 30 times, it stops hurting so much!

6. Draft a script Think visually. Think of the visuals that will accompany each section Divide the sections according to the visuals that will accompany each one Allow the pictures to talk for you: don’t say it if you can see it

7. Use Word Table with 2 columns Video on left, audio on right Audio: Copy and paste in right column Video: Print out and sketch video scene in left column Or: Write descriptions in left column Music Narr: Bee stings are painful. But unless you are allergic, they are not usually dangerous. Narr: How can you avoid getting stung when you are working with your bees? Narr: First, you can wear protective clothing that covers your whole body: gloves, boots and a veil. MS: Beekeeper opening up beehive MS: Beekeeper looking at bees VideoAudio

8. Use PowerPoint Create a set of blank slides with a Title only Paste the audio into the Title section of each slide

9. Use PowerPoint Print out the slides, 6 slides to 1 page Sketch the video in the space below the titles

10. Example of a storyboard VideoAudio Beehive, bees Title: Don’t get stung! Music LS: Beekeeper approaching beehive, wearing protective gear Narr: Bee stings are painful. But unless you are allergic, they are not usually dangerous. MS: Beekeeper opening up beehiveNarr: How can you avoid getting stung when you are working with your bees? MS: Beekeeper looking at beesNarr: First, you can wear protective clothing that covers your whole body: gloves, boots and a veil. CU: Beekeeper looking hot under protective gear, fanning himself, struggling to see bee eggs through veil Narr: You won’t get stung, but it can get hot inside. And the veil gets in the way and makes it hard to see what you are doing.

11. Example of a storyboard VideoAudio LS: Beekeeper taking off protective gear, now wearing just T-shirt and jeans Narr: For most types of work, it’s possible to get by without any protective clothing. Here’s what to do. MS: Beekeeper using smokerNarr: Use a smoker. You’ll need this anyway, even if you wear protective gear. LS: Beekeeper standing behind the hive Narr: Stand behind the hive. Bees get nervous if you stand in front of their front door. MS: Beekeeper cleaning excess wax off frame Narr: Work slowly and calmly. Bees can tell if you’re nervous, and they might attack you. CU: Bees flying around Zoom out: Beekeeper moving 10 m away from hive Wild sound: Bees buzzing Narr: Do not panic. If bees do start attacking you, move out of the way.

12. Example of a storyboard VideoAudio CU: Beekeeper’s fingers holding frame carefully, avoiding bees Narr: “Don’t hassle the bees. Be careful not to squash them!” MS: Beekeeper replacing frame in hive Narr: Do these things, and the bees will leave you alone. MS: Beekeeper closing hiveNarr: But if you do get stung… remember that after you have been stung about 30 times, it stops hurting so much! LS, Beekeepers walking away from hive Closing credits Music

13. Use sketches instead of words VideoAudio Beehive, bees Title: Don’t get stung! Music Narr: Bee stings are painful. But unless you are allergic, they are not usually dangerous. Narr: How can you avoid getting stung when you are working with your bees?

14. Use sketches instead of words VideoAudio Narr: First, you can wear protective clothing that covers your whole body: gloves, boots and a veil. Narr: You won’t get stung, but it can get hot inside. And the veil gets in the way and makes it hard to see what you are doing.

15. Video jargon ECU: extreme close-up (eg eye) CU: close-up (eg head and shoulders) MS: medium shot (eg head to waist) LS: long shot (whole of subject, with surroundings) Two shot: shot of two people Over the shoulder: looking over one person’s shoulder at the other person Cutaway: Shot shifts to another scene in order to cover a break in an interview

16. Video jargon Zoom in, zoom out: camera stays still, focal length changes Pan: camera swivels horizontally Tracking shot: camera position moves to follow action B-roll: camera shows a scene while voiceover Footage: the amount of film or audio you record

17. Sound words Narration: What the narrator says. Narrator may be on-camera or off-camera Voiceover: Voice heard when speaker is not in the shot Interview: Interviewee talking Wild sound: Birds, wind, traffic, background conversation… SFX: sound effects Music

18. Shoot footage Go out and shoot the footage you need Arrange shots Conduct interviews Repeat takes if needed Collect wild sound Refer to your storyboard, but change it if you need to (and you will need to!)

19. People Talent: in front of the camera, holds interviews Interviewees: people being interviewed Camera operator: operates the camera Sound operator: records the sound Producer: arranges and directs the production Narrator: records narration May be all the same person (except interviewees)

20. Alternative approaches A.Develop detailed script, then go out and get the video and audio footage you need B.Develop a general idea for a script, then go out and gather footage. Come back and develop a detailed script based on your footage C.Reality? Some combination of A and B

21. Edit your video Go through and log all your footage (note what is in it) Select the most promising shots Audio  Record the narration  Put in the interview material Video  Put the video on top of the narration  Add cutaways and B-roll  Add initial and final credits  Add subtitles Preview and revise Present, upload, publicize Collect your Oscar

22. New Media Center. Storyboarding for video production.  http://www.princeton.edu/scienceaction/filming- essentials/Storyboarding-Video-Production.pdf http://www.princeton.edu/scienceaction/filming- essentials/Storyboarding-Video-Production.pdf CommonCraft. Explainer tip: Creating Simple storyboards  https://www.commoncraft.com/explainer-tip-creating-simple- storyboards https://www.commoncraft.com/explainer-tip-creating-simple- storyboards GoAnimate. What is a storyboard and why do you need one?  http://resources.goanimate.com/marketing/what-is-a-storyboard- and-why-do-you-need-one http://resources.goanimate.com/marketing/what-is-a-storyboard- and-why-do-you-need-one WikiHow. How to create a storyboard  http://www.wikihow.com/Create-a-Storyboard http://www.wikihow.com/Create-a-Storyboard