Objectives describe the main function of the endocrine system explain the jobs done by different hormones identify the endocrine glands and hormones responsible for the changes that occur during puberty state physical, mental/emotional and social changes an adolescent experiences

Endocrine System Some of the endocrine system glands/organs are also part of the reproductive systems. These organs produce hormones that cause changes during adolescence.

Endocrine System A chemical communication system that controls many body functions – The glands that produce the hormones to regulate the body’s activities “Controller” in your body Works closely with the nervous system to regulate body functions Uses chemicals to send its messages and regulate some of the body’s actions Consist of several glands located throughout your body textbook pages

Gland: a group of cells or an organ in your body that secrets a substance ….. hormones

Hormones: chemical substances that are produced in the endocrine glands and are secreted into your blood stream to regulate various body functions travels through bloodstream – circulatory system some are produced continually others are produced only at certain times scientist identified over 30 different ones in the human body

Selected Glands and the Hormones They Produce GlandHormone & Function Adrenals Corticosteroids, adrenaline Regulates salt and water balance, metabolism, the immune system, and the body’s response to stress. Parathyroids Parathyroid Regulates the level of calcium in the blood. Pineal body Melatonin Regulates the wake-sleep cycle. Pituitary Growth, thyrotropin, corticotropin Stimulates the growth of bone and other body tissues. Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Thyroid Thyroxine Regulates the rate at which cells burn fuel from food to produce energy. Page 433 Diabetes is a disease in which the body cannot properly convert food into energy Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body cannot use the insulin it produces properly. Pancreas Insulin regulates the level of sugar in the body Concept Mapping Activity 16-7

Ovaries produce estrogen - controls the development of the secondary sex characteristic during adolescence ovaries are the female reproductive glands that stores the female reproductive cell ….. the egg males also have estrogen … increase levels in the females causes female changes progesterone is another female hormone … increase levels during pregnancy Testes produce testosterone controls the development of the secondary sex characteristics during adolescence testes are the male reproductive glands where the male reproductive cell is produced … the sperm both male and female sex hormones are present in both genders. There are higher levels of testosterone in males are responsible for the changes that occur in males and the higher levels of estrogen in the females are responsible for the changes that occur in females Endocrine System & Reproductive System Glands/Organs And The Hormones They Produce That Cause Changes During Adolescence

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These changes occur during? The chemicals released in the body that causes these changes to occur? Who usually begins to experience these changes first boys or girls? True or False: Everyone goes through puberty at the same exact age. The physical changes on this page are just part of the changes a person experiences during puberty? What are some other physical changes that occur during puberty?

More physical changes during puberty Growth spurt Growth spurt Permanent teeth all in Permanent teeth all in Hairline recession begins Hairline recession begins Acne appears Acne appears Muscle develop Muscle develop Perspiration increases Perspiration increases External genitals enlarge External genitals enlarge Waistline narrow Waistline narrow Hips widen Hips widen Long bone growth stops Long bone growth stops

What other ways does an adolescent change during puberty?… other than physical changes Social changes Mental & emotional changes

Social growth during adolescence Friend become very important – establish independence from parents Friend become very important – establish independence from parents Meeting many new people and forming new relationships – more mature relationships with people of both genders Meeting many new people and forming new relationships – more mature relationships with people of both genders Becoming more aware of other people’s needs Becoming more aware of other people’s needs Learn more about yourself – consider what is important in you in life Learn more about yourself – consider what is important in you in life Accept your body and characteristics Accept your body and characteristics Approach life like an adult, using your intelligences Approach life like an adult, using your intelligences and reason to solve problems and reason to solve problems How does good communication skills help you socially? Examples?

Mental & emotional growth during adolescence Thinking skills develop: can solve more complex problems Thinking skills develop: can solve more complex problems understand other’s point of view understand other’s point of view understand that you often have a choice – weigh consequences before acting understand that you often have a choice – weigh consequences before acting Emotions and feelings also change Moods swings Moods swings Feelings towards others - … others are no longer just givers like when you were a child, you see people as having needs just you do – you can listen when a friend has a problem Feelings towards others - … others are no longer just givers like when you were a child, you see people as having needs just you do – you can listen when a friend has a problem Increase interest in the opposite gender Increase interest in the opposite gender