1. The Endocrine System
Hormones and diabetes

2. Function of the Endocrine System
Made of glands that release their products directly into the blood stream
These products are called hormones and they deliver messages to parts of the body

3. Parts of the Endocrine System
Pituitary gland
Parathyroid glands
Thyroid gland
Thymus gland
Adrenal glands
Island of Langerhans
Ovaries (female)
Testes (male)

4. Parts of the Endocrine System
The Pituitary gland
Secretes hormones that regulate stress, growth and reproduction
Divided into 2 parts
Anterior pituitary
Superior pituitary

5. Parts Cont. The Hypothalamus
Controls the secretions of the pituitary gland
Connects the nervous system to the endocrine system by controlling the pituitary gland
Part of the brain

6. Parts Cont. The Thyroid gland
Regulates metabolism by producing the hormone thyroxine
Found in the neck

7. Parts Cont. Parathyroid glands
Maintains calcium levels in the blood and in the bones
Beside the thyroid glands in the neck

8. Parts Cont. Thymus gland
Works with the immune system by providing a place for T lymphocytes to mature
Found behind the sternum in the center of the chest

9. Parts Cont. The Adrenal glands
Produce hormones that help the body deal with stress (adrenaline; fight or flight response)

10. Parts Cont. The Pancreas
Produce insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar levels
Found in the center of the body

11. Parts Cont. The Reproductive glands (gonads)
The testes in males and the ovaries in females
Have 2 functions
To produce gametes (egg and sperm)
To produce sex hormones
Female sex hormones-estrogen and progesteron
Male sex hormone-testosterone

12. Endocrine System Diseases
Diabetes-pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body does not properly use insulin
Growth disorders- the pituitary gland produces either too much growth hormone or not enough growth hormone

13. Feedback Mechanisms-Glue in image

14. Questions from the Feedback Mechanism graph
Why do cells need glucose?
According to the graph, what happens to the blood glucose levels after a meal?
As the blood glucose levels increase above baseline, which hormone also increases?
As the blood glucose levels drop below baseline, which hormone will increase?
Is this feedback Positive or Negative?