Population policy in India – A sustainable approach? Learning Outcomes: Essential will be able to describe how India’s total population is changing. Stretch will be able to analyse India's population structure. Challenge will investigate what India is doing about it’s population 06 October 2015

Social, economic and political implications of population change. Attempts to manage population change to achieve sustainable development Reference to case studies of countries at different stages of development. France, China, India and Indonesia Using SEEP

What do we already know about the population policy in India? Your task: On the piece of paper in groups write on any facts that you already know in the coloured marker…

INDIA "... if fertility levels remain unchanged at today's levels, world population would rise to 244 billion persons in 2150 and 134 trillion in 2300, clearly indicating that current levels of high fertility cannot continue indefinitely." Population Coalition, 2005 Total World Population at 2050 – Which countries show high populations?

Study the graph showing the changes in the populations of India and China between 2000 and 2050 (projected). Success Criteria Accurately plotted Joined up Key used correctly Comparison between countries Data manipulation ESSENTIAL: 1.Add the data for Describe the changes shown. Stretch: What do you think the population structure of India is?

India’s increase is set to be much steeper than China’s to 2030 resulting in India overtaking China’s population by around China’s peak population appears around 2030, whereas India’s continues to grow well beyond 2050 according to the trend in the graph. China’s population continues to fall to 2050, widening the gap between it and India.

Skills Practice ESSENTIAL: 1.Using the table complete the projected total population in Describe the changes to India’s total and structure. How do you work out the percentage? Total/360Xagegroup Success Criteria Manipulation of data. Reference to population total. Avoid only lifting from table. Stretch: Suggest the problems of rapid population growth in India.

Correct degrees are 68°, 227°, 65°. Population is projected to grow by 47.4% (or 518 million). The relative proportions of each age group have shifted significantly. For example, the 14s and under have dropped by almost 18% by 2050, the age group has increased by almost 51% and the 65+ age group has increased by almost six-fold.

Annotate the characteristics of the settlement in Mumbai, India. Success Criteria Must use arrows No credit for pointing our things not displayed (e.g sanitation/ drinking water)

India was the first developing country to launch a national family planning programme as early as This included not just contraception but social changes. The south western state of Kerala has focused on social changes to make a society that encourages smaller families resulting in the biggest decrease in birth rate in India. Kerala’s 32 million people make up 3.4% of India’s population. Its population density is 3 times India’s average. Its growth rate is the lowest. It is now in stage 4 of the DTM. Its GDP is low compared to Europe but high compared to Indian states. Kerala’s policy involved: Improving education standards and treating girls equal with boys. Providing adult literacy classes in towns and villages. Educating people to understand to understand the benefits of smaller families.

KERALA – AN ALTERNATIVE BIRTH CONTROL PROGRAMME Your task: Read the information booklet on Kerala’s policy Review Make up a question Put it in the question box Get ready to test your knowledge

What do we now know about the population policy in India? Your task: On the large piece of paper come and write on facts that you know in the green coloured marker…

Kerala is a south- western state in India Birth rate (per 1000) – 18 Death rate (per 1000) – 6 Natural increase – 1.2% Life expectancy – 73 Population older than 60 years (%) – 11.2 Children born per woman – 1.66 Babies born in hospital – 95% Adult literacy – 89.9%

Key points of Kerala’s policy Improving education standards and treating girls as equal with boys Providing adult literacy classes in towns and villages Educating people to understand benefits of smaller families Reducing infant mortality so people no longer need to have so many children Improving child health through vaccination programmes Providing free contraception and advice Encouraging higher age of marriage Allowing maternity leave for 1 st 2 babies only Extra retirement benefits for those with smaller families Are any of these things similar to China’s policy? TASK:. Fill in the gap fill.

ESSENTIAL: 1.What is Kerala’s GDP per capita? How does it compare with those of the other countries in the table? 2.Compare Kerala’s infant mortality and fertility rates with those of the other regions. Quote figures to make your answers clear. 3.Write a paragraph to explain the advantage of living in Kerala compared to other regions in India. 4.Was the policy a success? Give detailed reasons for your answer. Think about sustainability. Stretch: Compare Kerala to China – which was the fairer policy and why?

TASK – Create a Case Study Booklet 1 – Note down key figures about India’s population 2 – Why do you think this might be a problem? 3 – What is the government in India currently doing about it? WHAT IS THE POLICY? 4 – Do you think this policy is sustainable? Why? 5 – Are there any concerns for the future? 6 – Write about Kerala in India and what they are doing. Sustainable population policy

The 7 Key aspects of sustainability 1 – Has environmental benefits 2 – Encourages education 3 – Protects and promotes human rights 4 – Improves Standard of Living (particularly for the poor) 5 – Involves local people in the planning process (Grassroots) 6 – Cheap to implement 7 – Aims to be long term – it shouldn’t impact on future generations negatively

(5 marks) This response does not require specific knowledge of India in order to score full marks. Any reasonable factors offered can score credit. Cities are growing for many different reasons for example: birth rate is a major factor affecting the growth of cities in India rural to urban migration is still an important consideration, with valid reference to push and pull factors improved health care and diet is responsible for lowering the death rate, thus contributing to overall growth of cities some may comment on the larger increases in Kolkata, Delhi and Mumbai, making links to their regional centre status, attracting further migrants for employment opportunities. Level 1 (1-3 marks) A limited awareness, perhaps misunderstanding the context of the question at the bottom end. Likely to show only a basic awareness of factors affecting growth. May only consider one factor. Listing with very basic development. Level 2 (4-5 marks) Clearly aware of the urban theme of question. Shows knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting the growth of cities in such locations. More than one factor suggested for L2. For full marks must specifically refer to either birth rate or inward migration.