Life in the English Colonies Things I Need to Know

1.English Americans ( ) vs. United States of Americans (1776-present) English Americans were English citizens that lived in the thirteen original English colonies from *these people had to follow English laws United States of Americans are people who live in the United States of America. English Americans became United States of Americans in 1776 when they declared independence from Great Britain

2. What was/is Parliament? How is it similar to U.S. Congress today? *Parliament was/is Great Britain’s legislative (law-making) body. English citizens must follow the laws created by Parliament The United States has a similar legislative body called Congress. Both are two-house legislatures: Both members are voted in by the people ParliamentCongress *House of Commons*House of Representatives *House of Lords*Senate

3. What were the three regions of English Colonies?

4+5. Explain the economy of each region. Describe how the geography of each affected its economics New England New Hampshire Connecticut Massachusettes Rhode Island Founded by Captain John Smith And Pilgrims for religious freedom. *Mayflower came with English Separatist In 1620 *Fishing, trading, and shipbuilding *Rocky soil, cold, short growing seasons

Middle Colonies New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware *Founded for Religious freedom *Staple crops (wheat, corn, grain, etc.) *Geography was flat and perfect for growing staple crops 6-9 month growing seasons

Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia *Founded in 1607 by Va. Co. of London *Cash Crops (Tobacco, Rice, Indigo) *Large Plantations (needed large work force *African slaves 1600s *Atlantic slave trade (Middle Passage) *Geography was flat, warm, long growing seasons (9 Months)

6. What forms of Government did the colonies have? A.Representative governments developed in the colonies *people of the colonies would choose representatives to make laws for them in the colony (representative democracy)

7.What was the Glorious Revolution? How did the English Bill of Rights effect the colonist ? A.The Glorious Revolution took place when King James gave up some power and gave it to Parliament (1688) *English citizens now had power to make laws *power shifted from monarch to representative government B. The English Bill of Rights was created during the Glorious Revolution to make sure the citizens of England’s rights were protected from too powerful of a government.

7. Trade in the Colonies ( ) A.The English government believed that the English colonies were created to make England rich, not the American colonists B.Parliament passed a series of trade laws called the Navigation Acts ( ) *Colonists could only trade with England (no free enterprise) C.Other types of trade that occurred in the colonies 1. Smuggling 2. Legal trade 3. Triangular Trade

8.What was the Atlantic Slave Trade? Why did the English Colonists Participate? A.Slaves were needed to supply a labor force for the large plantations of the Southern colonies -first African slaves came aboard a Dutch slave trading ship to Jamestown in 1610 (20 slaves on ship; millions will follow) B.The slave trade existed in North America / United States from *African’s journey across the Atlantic is called the Middle Passage *it is estimated between 9-12 million slaves came to N.A. *5% ended up in English Colonies

9.Who was Benjamin Franklin? Key Achievements A.Inventor -bifocals (Mr. Kurzen) -”Fly Kite” - electricity in lightning B. Writer -Poor Richard’s Almanac A.Diplomat

10.What was the Enlightenment? How did this new way of thinking effect American Culture? A.The Enlightenment was a period of time in Europe and North America were new political and social ideas were emerging. *John Locke- government should be a social contract between the government and the people *government should have to abide by that contract. Examples: England:United States English Bill of Rights (1688)U.S. Bill of Rights (1783) U.S. Constitution