UNIT 5: WARMUP #2 In a hypothetical situation, you are sitting in a movie theater watching a film & the film breaks. How does the audience respond? Why would they respond in that manner? A social movement is a _______________________________. Make a list of all the social movements you can think of from United States & World History. Please be detailed in your responses, providing 2-3 sentences per question & prompt.

Collective Behavior & Social Movements Chapter 17

Objectives The student will be able to contrast the various types of collectivities & analyze the explanations for collective behavior that have been proposed. The student will be able to identify the preconditions necessary for collective behavior to occur & explain how they build on one another. The student will be able to describe the types of social movements that exist & explain how they differ. The student will be able to identify the stages present in the life cycle of social movements & describe ways in which the existence of social movements can be explained.

Collective Behavior the relatively spontaneous social behavior that occurs when people try to develop common solutions to unclear situations

Characteristics of Collectives limited interaction unclear norms limited unity group that share these characteristics known as a collectivity

Types of Collective Behavior CrowdsMobs RiotsPanics Mass HysteriaFashions FadsRumors Urban LegendsPublic Opinion

Crowds temporary gathering of people who are in close enough proximity to interact

Mobs an emotionally charged collectivity whose members are united by a specific destructive or violent goal

Riots collection of people who erupt into generalized destructive behavior, resulting in social disorder less unified & focused than mobs London Graffiti Riot: Students & Police Clash!

Panics spontaneous & uncoordinated group action to escape some perceived threat

Mass Hysteria unfounded anxiety shared by people who can be scattered over a large geographic area

Fashions enthusiastic attachments among large numbers of people for particular styles of appearance or behavior

Fads an unconventional object, action, or idea that a large number of people are attached to for a very short period of time

Rumors unverified pieces of information that spread rapidly from one person to another

Urban Legends stories that teach a lesson & seem realistic but are untrue Urban Legends Decoded: The Hook

Public Opinion collection of different attitudes that members of the public have about a particular issue

Explaining Collective Behavior Contagion Theory Emergent-Norm Theory Value-Added Theory

Contagion Theory developed by Gustave LeBon 1 st systematic theory of collective behavior 3 factors give crowds power over individuals: numbers create anonymity of individual members spread of emotion like epidemic members rapidly enter state of suggestibility

Emergent-Norm Theory developed by Ralph Turner & Lewis Killian people in a crowd often faced with a situation in which traditional norms do not apply no clear standards of behavior new norms gradually emerge

Value-Added Theory proposed by Neil Smelser attempted to predict if collective behavior would occur & the direction it might take taken from economic theory of the production process 6 basic preconditions for social behavior: 1) structural conduciveness 2) structural strain 3) growth & spread of generalized belief 4) precipitation factors 5) mobilization for action 6) social control

Review of: Collective Behavior

Social Movements a long-term, conscious effort to promote or prevent social change Prohibition in the United States: 1920s & 1930s

Types of Social Movements Reactionary, Conservative, Revisionary, Revolutionary

Reactionary Movements main goal is to reverse current social trend or “turn back the clock” example: Tea Party, Occupy Wall Street

Conservative Movements try to protect what they see as society’s prevailing values from change that they consider to be a threat to those values example: Republican Party within the United States

Revisionary Movements goal is to improve or revise some part of society through social change example: women’s suffrage movement (1820s- 1920) Ending Women’s Suffrage? Ending Women’s Suffrage?

Revolutionary Movements goal is a total & radical change to the existing social structure example: French Revolution

Life Cycle of Social Movements Agitation, Legitimation, Bureaucratization, Institutionalization

Agitation begins with belief that a problem exists small group begins to stir up public awareness

Legitimation social movement becomes more respectable as it gains increasing acceptance

Bureaucratization movement develops a ranked structure of authority, official policies & efficient strategies for the future

Institutionalization movement becomes established as a part of society

Explaining Social Movements Relative Depravation Theory, Resource Mobilization Theory

Relative Deprivation Theory economic theory that suggests that social movements arise when large numbers of people feel economically or socially deprived of what they think they deserve

Resource Mobilization Theory not even the most ill- treated group will be able to bring about change without resources money ($$$) people media outlets

Rally to Restore Sanity and/or Fear Highlights: Jon Stewart's Rally to Restore Sanity and/or Fear Final Speech: Jon Rally to Restore Sanity and/or Fear In what ways is Jon Stewart’s speech related to, or a commentary on, social movements? Would you define the Rally to Restore Sanity and/or Fear as a social movement? Why or why not? If you would classify it as a social movement, what kind of movement is it? How do you know? If you would not classify it as a social movement, what would it need to become one? Will it?

CHAPTER 17 Page 448: #2-3 Page 455: #2-3 Page 458: #1-10 Identifying People & Ideas Page 458: #1-7 Understanding Main Ideas Page 459: #1-4 Building Social Studies Skills