Week 3

Electrical Code 1. all electrical outlets run off a pigtail from main line 2. Each Circuit is wired directly into circuit panel - no junction boxes 3. Bathrooms must have GFCI either at panel or first outlet must be GFCI

4. In rooms must have outlet a) on any wall longer than 2’ b) no more than 6’ from any door c) no more than 12 feet apart along wall d) less than 18” off floor

5. Kitchen a) Refridgerator on own circuit b) at least two circuits for outlets c) must have outlet on island if more than 6 sq ft d) outlets within 6 feet of sink must be GFCI e) all countertops must have a wall outlet

6. Must have at least 1 outside outlet - GFCI 7. Don’t forget furnace 8. Fire detectors must be hard wired into a circuit with lights

9. Separate circuits for: Clothes Dryer, Electric Range, Electric Ovens, Electric Hot Water Heater, Gas Range, Electric baseboard heaters 10. Must fill all holes between floors with a fire stop caulk Know local code - does all wiring have to be in conduits?

Plumbing 1. All drain pipes must be vented 2. Sewer pipe must be PVC Schedule 40 or better - can use cast iron pipe 3. All sewer pipe joints must be welded 4. Minimum 3” pipe for toilets and main runs

5. Minimum 1-1/4” pipe for sink drains 6. 1/2” pipe minimum for water pipes type L copper 7. 3/4” copper pipe for baseboard heat

8. Gas is piped through Black Iron pipe and fittings or rolled copper tube 9. boilers and hot water heaters must have a pressure relief valve and piping to floor 10. Rough in plumbing includes setting tubs and showers - need to insulate outside walls before they are installed

Large Projects Estimated differently than other projects –Many involve several separate construction projects –May be large area Roadway Super Walmart Large housing development –Have to look at project to do estimate correctly

May break project into quadrants or sections to facilitate scheduling (allows faster completion) –Need to estimate each section to get correct quantities –Won’t be the same quantities as if doing 1 estimate

Contingencies What is it? –Risk factor –Allows contractor to factor in the unknown –The less that is known about project – higher the contingency –Design –Build has a high contingency at start of project decreases as project is built

Why do you want to minimize it? –Part of bid –Drives up final price –Need a good estimate –Contingency never equals zero Always something that is not known –Price fluctuation –Weather –Labor

Mobilization How much does a piece of equipment cost –Need to include getting it to/from site –Need a truck to haul each way –Each time equipment is brought on site cost money –Want to minimize – how –What is cost? Truck, driver, setup, inspection May need equipment to set up

Unit price bid We have been talking about a lump sum estimate Unit Price estimate gives price per unit to do work –Multiply units by price to get cost –Still need a good estimate to find errors –Includes all costs associated with item Mob/Demob, material cost, labor cost