What is AI:-  Ai is the science of making machine do things that would requires intelligence.  Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain  Ai concerned with two basic ideas 1.It involves thought process of humans 2.It deals with human process via machine

WHY DO AI:-  To understand human intelligence better. We test theories of human intelligence by writing programs which emulate it.  To create useful “smart” programs able to do tasks that would normally require a human expert. WHY DO AI:-  To understand human intelligence better. We test theories of human intelligence by writing programs which emulate it.  To create useful “smart” programs able to do tasks that would normally require a human expert.

 Computer Science  Psychology (human reasoning)  Philosophy (nature of belief, rationality, etc)  Linguistics (structure and meaning of language)  Human Biology (how brain works)  Computer Science  Psychology (human reasoning)  Philosophy (nature of belief, rationality, etc)  Linguistics (structure and meaning of language)  Human Biology (how brain works) How DOES AI:-

Major Branches of AI (1) – Perceptive system A system that approximates the way a human see, hears, and feels objects – Vision system Capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures – Robotics Mechanical and computer devices that perform tedious tasks with high precision – Expert system Stores knowledge and makes inferences – Perceptive system A system that approximates the way a human see, hears, and feels objects – Vision system Capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures – Robotics Mechanical and computer devices that perform tedious tasks with high precision – Expert system Stores knowledge and makes inferences

Major Branches of AI (2) – Learning system Computer changes how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback – Natural language processing Computers understand and react to statements and commands made in a “natural” language, such as English – Neural network Computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of the human brain – Learning system Computer changes how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback – Natural language processing Computers understand and react to statements and commands made in a “natural” language, such as English – Neural network Computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of the human brain Schematic

Artificial intelligence Robotics Vision systems Learning systems Natural language processing Neural networks Expert systems

Applications of Artificial Intelligence Information management AI and expert systems embedded in products Plant layout Hospitals and medical facilities Help desks and assistance Employee performance evaluation Loan analysis Virus detection Repair and maintenance Shipping Marketing Warehouse optimization

1) AI will force a dualistic view of life to change because the environment will be inseprable from it. 2)On the other hand, most scientists would be happy to view the brain as a vast but complex machine.As such it should then be possible to purely replicate the brain using artificial neurons. This has already been done for very simple life forms such as insects which only have a few thousand neurons in their brain. 3) Smarter artificial intelligence promises to replace human jobs, freeing people for other pursuits by automating manufacturing and transportations. 4) AI can see relationships in enormous or diverse bodies of data that a human could not. ADVANTAGES :-

Disadvantages (Risks)  Potential for malevolent programs, “cold war” between two countries, unforeseen impacts because it is complex technology, environmental consequences will most likely be minimal.  Frequently mutating computer virus.  Military robots may make it possible for a country to indiscriminately attack less- advanced countries with few, if any, human casualties.  Rapid advances in AI could mean massive structural unemployment.  AI utilizing non-transparent learning (i.e. neural networks) is never completely predictable Disadvantages (Risks)  Potential for malevolent programs, “cold war” between two countries, unforeseen impacts because it is complex technology, environmental consequences will most likely be minimal.  Frequently mutating computer virus.  Military robots may make it possible for a country to indiscriminately attack less- advanced countries with few, if any, human casualties.  Rapid advances in AI could mean massive structural unemployment.  AI utilizing non-transparent learning (i.e. neural networks) is never completely predictable

 Idea of Artificial Intelligence is being replaced by Artificial life, or anything with a form or body.  The consensus among scientists is that a requirement for life is that it has an embodiment in some physical form, but this will change. Programs may not fit this requirement for life yet. The Future?

Overview of Artificial Intelligence Intelligent behaviour – Learn from experience – Apply knowledge acquired from experience – Handle complex situations – Solve problems when important information is missing – Determine what is important – React quickly and correctly to a new situation – Understand visual images – Process and manipulate symbols – Be creative and imaginative Intelligent behaviour – Learn from experience – Apply knowledge acquired from experience – Handle complex situations – Solve problems when important information is missing – Determine what is important – React quickly and correctly to a new situation – Understand visual images – Process and manipulate symbols – Be creative and imaginative

BIBLIOGRAPHY  Essence of Artificial Intelligence” by Alison Cawsey, Prentice Hall.  Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (second edition), Russell & Norvig, Prentice Hall. 2003Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, Luger, Benjamin Cummings.  Slides, lab exercises etc.  PICS from:- BIBLIOGRAPHY  Essence of Artificial Intelligence” by Alison Cawsey, Prentice Hall.  Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (second edition), Russell & Norvig, Prentice Hall. 2003Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, Luger, Benjamin Cummings.  Slides, lab exercises etc.  PICS from:-