Activities: Official / Formal and Unwritten Rules

Rules Task: Full class discussion - Why do sports & activities have rules. Activities have rules to ensure fair play and to ensure that activities run smoothly. Different types of rules are: Safety Written / Official Unwritten / Unofficial Specific rules to activity

Rules ensure safety through restricting players movement. Wearing safety equipment can help you perform safely and to the best of your ability. Within the same activity players in different positions are required to wear different items of safety equipment. Hockey outfield player & goalkeeper Safety Rules

Activity Examples ActivityRuleReason for ruleAction taken if rule broken TennisThe ball has to cross over the net before you can play the ball It would create an unfair advantage if you reached over the net to play the ball Point awarded to opponent HockeyWhen hitting in hockey the stick must be kept below hip height when near other players It is unsafe to swing the stick above hip height when near other players Free hit to the defending team

Safety Rules – Fixed Equipment It is also important that fixed equipment is safely in place for different activities. Throwing in Athletics (shot putt, discus) The net is assembled so only throws in the intended direction are possible. Also important athletes follow the safety riles about when to throw. Basketball (Backboard, nets) Clean dry non slippery floor, clear court lines and good lighting. No other equipment or people close to outside court lines

Definition: Written & Unwritten Written rules are found in a rule book. They're also known as formal rules or, in game activities, the laws of the game. They can dictate how an activity is performed. Officials such as referees, touch judges and umpires make sure written rules are carried out. Informal codes of conduct which you won't find in a rulebook. They say how a team or player should behave, and are sometimes called 'etiquette' or 'sportsmanship'. These rules recognise the importance of co- operation, showing respect, and consideration for others.

1 Written rules help keep competitive activities__________ Playing to the rules should be promoted by your ___________but are enforced by officials. For example, in football the____________, in tennis the ____________in swimming the _________ ensure competitors participate within the rules. In this way activities remain _________ for all who play. Use words to fill gaps: Starter, coach, safe, referee, line judge, popular, fair, short, physio, agent 2 An example of a written rule is: A. shaking hands at the end of a game B. using all the floor space in a gymnastics sequence C. serving from the base line in volleyball 3 An example of an unwritten rule is: A. waiting until the starter's signal in the 100m B. helping an opponent back to their feet after a tackle C. not moving when waiting to receive service in badminton

4 Unwritten rules are also known as: A. creativity B. laws of the game C. codes of conduct 5 Competitors recognising unwritten rules are described as displaying: A. sportsmanship B. imagination C. commitment

Official and Unofficial Rules of fair play All activities have official and unofficial rules of fair play. Football Official Rule: Offside Explanation: Attacking players in the attacking half of the pitch must have at least one defender between them and the goalkeeper when in an active position. Purpose of Rule: The offside rule is specific to football and is designed to define where to and how attackers can move when in the attacking half of the pitch. The rule also provides defenders with a tactic to counter the attacking team’s strengths

Official and Unofficial Rules of fair play Football Official Rule: Tackling Explanation: When challenging for possession you need to play the ball and avoid having your feet raised off the ground with studs showing. Purpose of Rule: The rule is designed to ensure safe and fair play. Winning possession by over physical challenges for the ball could injure other players and detract from the official rules about how to tackle.

Official and Unofficial Rules of fair play Football Unofficial Rule: Injury to opposing team player Explanation: If an opposing team player is injured and requires medical attention it is an unofficial rule to deliberately play the ball out of the pitch. It is fair play for possession to be deliberately returned to the team which played the ball out of the pitch when the game restarts. Purpose of Rule: Safety! Playing the ball out of play allows the game to be stopped and medical staff can come onto the pitch.

Official and Unofficial Rules of fair play Football Unofficial Rule: Shaking hands with opponents and officials Explanation: At the end of the game it is expected that you show good etiquette and thank your opponents, whatever the results. Purpose of Rule: Fair Play! Showing that you value the game and respect others is evident by your commitment to shaking hands with opponents and officials.

Specific Rules for Different Types of Activities Different activities have specific rules which have different effects on games. The playing area Use of start & restart procedures Where you are allowed to move on court These can all define activities and specific part of activities.

Specific Rules Activities Examples Basketball Attacking players are restricted from spending more than 3 seconds in the oppositions key when in possession of the ball. Tennis You need to win a set by two games, unless the set is decided by a tie-break. Football: For a goal to be awarded all the ball must cross the goal line.