First Aid

Responding to a health emergency Injury and acute illness Interactions with local emergency medical services 1a

Responding to a health emergency Principles of triage Legal aspects of providing first aid 1b

Surveying the accident scene Assess the scene General scene safety Likely event sequence - what happened? Rapid estimate of persons injured Identify others to help at scene 2a

Surveying the accident scene Perform primary survey of each victim Airway Breathing Circulation Obtain victim’s medical history 2b

Surveying the accident scene Perform secondary survey Vital signs Skin appearance Head, neck, chest, abdomen, extremities Medical alert symbols/tags 2c

Adult Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Establishing/ maintaining patent airway Perform adult breathing resuscitation Perform adult circulatory resuscitation 3a

Adult Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Perform choking assessment/first aid interventions Resuscitate drowning victims 3b

First aid intervention Bandaging Splinting Moving and rescuing victims 4a

Universal precautions Definition of universal precautions Value of universal precautions 5a

Universal precautions OSHA standard for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens 5b

Universal precautions Personal protective equipment Tagging and disposing of sharp items 5c

First aid supplies Type of supplies Amount of supplies Maintenance of supplies Storage of supplies 6a

Program elements: type of injury Shock Shock due to injury Shock due to allergic reactions Treating fainting victims 7a

Program elements: type of injury Bleeding Arterial Venous Capillary External Internal 7b

Program elements: type of injury Controlling bleeding Direct pressure Pressure points Elevation Pressure bandaging 7c

Program elements: type of injury Wounds Abrasions Incisions Lacerations Punctures Avulsions Amputations Crush injuries Infection precautions 7d

Program elements: type of injury Poisoning Alkali Acid Systemic Topical Drug abuse Poison control center Chemical emergency information (MSDSs) 7e

Program elements: type of injury Burns First degree Second degree Third degree Temperature extremes Exposure to cold Exposure to heat 7f

Program elements: type of injury Musculoskeletal injuries Open fractures Dislocations Joint sprains Muscle strains Head, neck, spinal injuries 7g

Program elements: type of injury Bites and stings Human and animal Insects 7h

Program elements: type of injury Medical emergencies Heart attacks Strokes Asthma attacks Diabetic emergencies Seizures Pregnancy 7i

Program elements: type of injury Confined spaces Asphyxiation Chemical overexposure Trauma 7j

Program elements: site of injury Head and neck Eye Nose Mouth and teeth 7k

Program elements: site of injury Chest Abdomen Hands, fingers, feet 7l

Summary of main points First-aid response Qualified persons Reporting accidents and injuries 8a