Source: CJTF HOA NIPR Web Site

Source- RAND Corporation

FOOD SCARCITY

15 – 39% 5 – 15% 1 – 5% 0.5 – 1.0% 0.1 – 0.5% 0.0 – 0.1% not available HIV prevalence in adults, end 2001 HIV/AIDS

Recoverable Crude Oil Futures (in billions of barrels) to 11 to 1010 to 2020 to 100> 100 Eckert VI ProjectionU. S. Geological Survey, C. Masters & R. M. Turner 1994 OIL

US presses Africa to turn on the tap of crude oil. By Carl Mortished, International Business Editor. July 29, 2002

NIGERIA GAS ALGERIA ANGOLA NAMBIA LIBYA EGYPT SUDAN NIGER CHAD MALI ETHIOPIA

Transit Routes

The New Gulf Oil States Africa’s Oil Reserves are 8% of world crude reserves (UN Conference on Trade & Development) Sub-Saharan Africa produces as much as Iran, Venezuela and Mexico combined Output increased 36% in 10 years (2003 rpt) Most non OPEC Accounts 16% US imports (2003) –25% in 10 years

URANIUM NIGER NAMBIA GABON FRANC ZONE

Phases of Integration: Customs Unions as entry point into community A Common Market A monetary Union A Political Federation

Franc Zone Principles Free convertibility by French treasury of CFA francs Fixed exchange rates (French Franc/Euro peg) Liberty of transfer free in the zone Centralization of exchange reserves. Operations account in French treasury, CFA central banks depositing 65% of their exchange reserves in exchange for convertibility –French veto over zone monetary policy if account overdrawn

So What? Local Issues and Solutions Have Regional Impacts Vision Is Continental Interests Are “Vital” Commitment Is Generational

Spreading Democracy CENTCOM Brief

National Security Goals/Africa Protect US, Property, & Citizens –Isolate, Disrupt, Destroy Terrorist Organizations of Global Reach Eliminate safe havens & networks Improve CT capability & cooperation Expand African capacity to participate in HA & PK ops Promote African defense capability & reform Facilitate democratic development Stop spread of HIV/AIDS Increase participation w/ European partners in Africa Prevention of WMD & illegal arms proliferation African Center For Strategic Studies 2004

Challenges Expand African Capacity to Participate in HA & PK Operations –Legal Framework –Legal Framework – “Neo Peace Enforcement” & “Robust Peace Keeping.” –Organizational Framework UN Resolution Regional Authority Request