1. African Global and Regional Issues
Africa Today
Chapter 6

2. Students will suggest several effects of each development based on the reading.
The OAU was formed in 1963.
Nations in southern Africa wanted to reduce their dependence on South Africa.
The United States and the former Soviet Union competed for influence in Africa.
The IMF and World Bank set qualifications for loans to African nations.
The population of Africa is exploding

3. 1. The OAU was formed in 1963.
OAU – Organization for African Unity (’63)
Goals - Political
Support independence movements
Promote peace
Problem: nations did not like the interference
AU – African Union (’02) – Economic
Goal: Attract foreign investment and Economic cooperation
Problems: unrealistic expectations, wanted overnight success

4. Also: Each nation joined the UN after independence
Access to technology
Access to world markets
International cooperation – education, agriculture
Peacekeeping forces
Algeria, Libya, Nigeria joined OPEC
Oil prices are controlled and help African nations profit from their oil reserves

5. And: British and French Influence
Imperialistic ties unite African nations to Europe
Commonwealth of Nations – British
Allows for frequent interaction economically and politically between Britain and its former colonies
Many nations have adopted the French franc as their currency

6. Regional cooperation = economic development
2. Nations in southern Africa wanted to reduce their dependence on South Africa.
Regional cooperation = economic development
Southern African development Coordination Conference (SADCC):
Economic development
Small nations working together to strengthen position in Africa and the world
Improve transportation for landlocked nation and not use South African infrastructure
UN: environmental, educational, agricultural development

7. 3. The United States and the former Soviet Union competed for influence in Africa
US and Soviet interest was in the natural resources
Most African nations did not officially align with either country: nonalignment
Both the US and Russia provided military, political, and economic influence

8. After the Cold War
US and Russian leaders supported peace initiatives in Africa
Many Civil Wars plagued the continent
Namibia
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Congo

9. 4. The IMF and World Bank set qualifications for loans to African nations.
African nations rely on global economy
Prices for exports high = good for Africa
Prices for exports low = bad for Africa
African nations spend billions each year to repay loans
Wealthy nations do not lend money because they fear the loans cannot be repaid
Africa can get loans from World Bank and IMF if they reform their economies
Reduce government controls and privatize

10. 5. The population of Africa is exploding.
Limiting Family Size
Traditional family = Large
Science & Technology to increase Food Production
Needed to combat dry season
Needed to combat pests & food disease
Fighting Disease
Major advances have combated tropical diseases (sleeping sickness & malaria)
AIDS

11. And AIDS Greatest percentage of AIDS of the 7 continents
Adults leave their children as orphans
Creates economic burdens, destroys family ties and traditions
Reduced life expectancy

12. Quick Check African nations organized regional groups to
reduce the power of OPEC
encourage economic cooperation and development
support the Free World in the Cold War
none of the above

13. Quick Check The Cold War affected Africa because the superpowers
refused to build military bases in Africa
refused to provide loans and economic aid to Africa.
prevented African nations from joining the United Nations.
competed to win influence among African nations

14. Quick Check
For a long time, a major improvement in African agriculture has been
a greater emphasis on subsistence farming.
an increased dependence on a one-crop economy in many countries.
a decreased reliance on irrigation systems.
an increased use of scientific farming techniques.

15. Quick Check
When African nations applied to the International Monetary Fund for loans, it forced them to
decrease exports of raw materials
increase government spending.
reduce government controls of their economies
set up programs to end urbanization.

16. Videos Global Issues: Africa TED Talk – Africa’s Next Boom
Food Shortage, Health Care, Economy
TED Talk – Africa’s Next Boom