Moving to the Cities

 Europeans Flood into America  25 million Europeans immigrated to the United States  Came for jobs and various reasons ▪ Escape poverty and the restrictions of social class ▪ Wanted to avoid forced military services  The Atlantic Voyage  Booked passages on a steerage ▪ Cheap transportation on a steamship

 Tiny Island in New York Harbor  Went through a processing center after 1892  Passed through in about a day  12 million immigrants between  People would be separated from their families if they had an issues ▪ Some of those people would be returned to Europe if they did not meet the health standards.

 Immigrants made up the population of most cities  New York  Chicago  Detroit  The cities were divided amongst nationalities  Little Italy-Italians  Lower east Side-Jewish  Learning English was part of the adaptation  Those that had marketing skills were successful in business.

 China  430 million people ▪ High Unemployment rates ▪ Poverty ▪ Famine  Taiping Rebellion  Japan  When Japan industrialized people left for new economic opportunities.

 Barracks that Asians lived in 1910  Mostly young men and men in their 20s  Getting entry into the United States could last for months.

 Extreme dislike of immigrants by native born people  Undermined unions  Would work when other workers went on strike  Worked for low wages

Prejudice against Catholics  Irish amongst the most persecuted  Men: Miners, clock hands, ditch diggers, and factory works  Women: Cooks, servants, and mill workers American Protective Association: Anti-Catholic Group

 Chinese Exclusion Act  Banned immigrants for 10 years  Prevented people already in the country to become citizens  Not repealed until 1943  Racially Segregated Schools  Since 1859, schools had been segregated  Teddy Roosevelt  Limit Japanese immigration if schools were unsegregated

 Passed in 1917  Taft and Wilson vetoed this law, but it still passed.  English Proficiency Test in English and other languages