QUIZ #5 1.Who was the Indian leader at the Battle of Little Bighorn and who was the American soldier’s leader? 2.Why was the Massacre at Wounded Knee a shock to the American people? 3.What did the Homestead Act do? 4.What was the purpose of the Morrill Act? 5.Name one of the two things that brought about the end of the cattle boom. 6.What mineral was hydraulic and hard-rock mining used for?

1. What do you think is the greatest invention of all time? Why? 2. If you could invent anything what would it be? Write a paragraph explaining your new invention.

TECHNOLOGICAL REVOLUTION

Life in the 1800s Months to hear from friends/family in Europe No ice/refrigeration (ice ponds/saw dust) No indoor lighting/electricity No indoor plumbing

Patent and Trademark Office : issued 36,000 patents Patents: licenses that give an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, sell, an invention for a set period of time : 500,000 patents By 1900 America was among the countries with the highest standard of living in the world

Energy Discover drilling for oil is profitable 1880: Thomas Edison invented the light bulb General Electric and Westinghouse Electric, two companies spread the use of electricity Electricity more efficient and less expensive With electricity cost of production decreased Electricity allows the invention of new products – refrigerator Access to electricity still wasn’t available to many, especially rural Americans

Communication Samuel F. B. Morse perfects the telegraph 1876: Alexander Graham Bell invents the “talking telegraph” – telephone President Rutherford B. Hayes puts the first telephone in the Whitehouse By 1900: 1.5 million telephones in use Use switchboards to connect all the lines

Railroads Pre-Civil War railroads –No standard width, each train could only run on certain tracks –Move goods/passengers from train to train –No standard system for signals –Trains brakes were unreliable

- Railroad extending from coast to coast -Private investors did not want to pay for the completion of the railroads -Federal government provided financial backing -Two major companies: Central Pacific worked east while the Union Pacific worked west - Workers for Union Pacific – Irish immigrants - Workers for Central Pacific – Chinese immigrants

Promontory Point -May 10 th, 1869: Promontory Summit - the “Golden Spike”

Expansion of the Railroad Development of steel, used steel rails rather than iron (stronger) Standardized tracks and signals Improved brake system Created time zones, to improve scheduling, used to be called “railroad time”, now is referred to as “standard time”

Revolutionizing Business and Industry Faster and more practical means of transporting goods Lower costs of production Creation of national markets (lower costs and higher speeds allow businesses to sell products nationwide) Model for big business Stimulation of other industries (ex. Steel industry)

Jesse Woodson James