 Write down anything you already know about Ancient Greece?  Date/Copy/Answer  You will need a book today!!!

 How has the geography affected ancient Greece?  Copy/Date/Answer  Books!!!!

 Turn to page 101.  Look at the list of main events that we will learn about in the next unit.  Select two of the main events that you would really like to know more about and write down at least two questions for each.  We will take time after the unit to go back and see if we answered your questions.

 Work on your assessment for unit 2.  Get together with your partners if needed  Use your notes and the textbook for help  Ask for a pass to get a laptop for research if you chose the presentation or the essay.

 Why does conflict occur between civilizations?  Copy/Date/Answer

Ch. 5 Sec. 3

 Sparta  Located on the Peloponnesus  In a valley  Isolated and mountainous  Athens  Located on the Attic Peninsula  One of the least fertile areas in Greece  Turned to the sea and many became sea traders  Built on the hill, or the acropolis

 The Peloponnesus was invaded and conquered by foreigners.  Forced people to work for them, Helots.  Conquered the capital, Sparta.  Spartans controlled the lives of their citizens from birth to death.  Every adult male a member of the military.  Military worked to control Helots and expand Spartan power.  Spartan fighting men began at birth.  Newborns were examined and those who were not healthy were left to die.  At 7, boys went to live in military barracks.  they trained specifically for war.  Began military service at 20 and could now marry but not live at home until they were 30 years old.  Not allowed to engage in trade or business  Stayed in the military until they were 60.

 The Athenian trireme allowed the navy to protect the Athenian way of life.  Athenians were more focused on philosophy, art, architecture, and drama.

 A highly militarized society made up of 3 social classes: 1. Equals – descendants of the invaders  Controlled the city-states  Land divided equally among them and their families  Given helots to work their land 2. Half-Citizens  They were free, paid taxes, and served in the army  Held no political power  Some farmed, others lived in town and worked in trade and industry  Some even were rich 3. Helots – conquered people that became slaves  Spartans decided how they should work and live  However, they outnumbered the Spartans  Spartans had to use force to control them – one reason why they developed a military society  Were systematically terrorized by the Spartans to keep them from rebelling

 Spartans  Wives and mothers had to be strong and healthy  Strict physical training  Taught to be devoted to the city-state  Controlled home and land while husbands were fighting  “Come back with your shield, or on it.”  Athenians  Isolated in the home  Not educated  No rights  Responsible for handicrafts and textiles

 Sparta  Military school for boys at age 7.  Lived in barracks until the age of 30.  Girls learned athletics  Athens  Boys learned mathematics, reading, writing, poetry, music, gymnastics  No formal education for girls

 Two Kings  One led the army while the other took care of matters at home.  Council of Elders – 28 male citizens above 60  Wealthy, aristocratic men  Proposed laws and served as a criminal court  An assembly – all male citizens over 30 years old  Voted to accept or reject proposed laws by the council.  Elected 5 ephors (made sure king stayed within the law) for one year-terms.  Complete control over education of young Spartans.

 Monarchy > Aristocratic gov’t  Draco (an archon) wrote down the 1 st written law code in the 600’s B.C.  Very strict and harsh – why harsh laws are called draconian law.  Citizens being sold into slavery to pay their debts  Later, an archon named Solon, settled the debts and disputes between creditors and debtors by erasing the debt of the poor and outlawing slavery for debt.  Solon divided citizens into four groups based on wealth.  The two richest could hold public office  His changes did not solve Athens problems.

 In about 507 B.C., Cleisthenes took control and turned Athens into a democracy.  1 st divided citizens into 10 tribes.  Each tribe chose 50 men to be part of the council of 500.  Served for only one year terms.  Proposed laws to the assembly.  Courts became more democratic with jurors for which each man could plead his case.  Direct democracy – all citizens participated directly in making decisions.

 Sparta  Military contributions  The phalanx – standing or moving together as a unit  Training and fighting styles  Athens  Philosophy, art, drama, architecture, drama  Democracy

 Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each city-state.  Write about which one you would have preferred to be a member of.  Use the information you learned about each to back up your reasoning.  Consider the fact that you are either a young male or female.

 Assessment of the travel brochures, posters, or real estate ads should be based on the following criteria  The product should demonstrate student's knowledge of a city-state in terms of its strengths and weaknesses (including its cultural activities, recreation, athletics, architecture, famous sites, school system, accommodation, transport, food, etc.);  Be complete in terms of the requested information (map, advantages or selling points, and optional travel alert)  Be visually attractive and convey a message