1. Warring City States
Chapter 5
Section 2

3. Rule and Order in Greek City States
750 B.C.E the city-state or polis was the fundamental political unit in Greece
Polis:
Made of city and surrounding countryside
People would gather in the agora, (market place) or the acropolis to discuss politics

4. Political Structure City-states did not have all the same government
Monarchy- ruled by single person- king
Aristocracy-ruled by small group of noble, wealthy land owners
Oligarchy- ruled by a few powerful people
Democracy- ruled by the people

5. Political Structure In City-States
Monarchy
Aristocracy
Oligarchy
Direct Democracy
State ruled by a king
State ruled by nobility
State ruled by a small group of citizens
State ruled by its citizens
Rule is hereditary
Rule is hereditary and based on family ties, social rank, wealth
Rule based on wealth or ability
Rule is based on citizenship
Some rulers claim divine right
Social status and wealth support rulers’ authority
Ruling group controls military
Majority rule decides vote
Practiced in Mycenae by 2000 B.C.
Practiced in Athens prior to 594 B.C.
Practiced in Sparta by 500 B.C.
Practiced in Athens by 500 B.C.

6. Tyrants Take Control Why did Tyrants take control? Who were they?
Tyrants were not cruel and harsh
Tyrants came to power by appealing to the common people
Actually when they took power tyrants often set up public works projects in order to give jobs to the poor

7. Athens builds a LIMITED Democracy
Draco 621 B.C.
Legal Code= both rich and poor equal under the law
Dealt very harshly with criminals, making death the punishment for practically every crime.
Debt slavery = debtors worked as slaves to repay their debts.
Solon 594 B.C.
Solon outlawed debt slavery.
Four social classes according to wealth.
Top three social classes could hold political office
All citizens, could participate in Assembly
Citizens could bring charges against wrongdoers

8. Athens Builds a Limited Democracy
500 B.C.E. Athenian leader Cleisthenes reforms Athenian law
He arranged the citizens into groups based on where they lived, not social class
Allowed any citizen to submit laws to be debated
Only citizens were:
free adult male property owners

9. Athenian Education Boys Girls
Study: reading, grammar, poetry, history, math, and music
Trained in debate and public speaking
Spent time in athletics everyday
Went to military school to prepare for important citizen duty------DEFEND ATHENS
No school
Stay at home
Learned child rearing, weaving cloth, preparing meals, managing the house
Most women had very little to do with Athenian life outside the home

10. Sparta Builds a Military State
725 B.C.E Sparta takes over neighboring lands and turns the Messenians into helots
650 B.C.E. the Messenians revolt and the Spartans are just barely able to put down the revolt
In turn dedicate themselves to becoming strong city-state

11. Spartan Daily Life 600 – 371 B.C.E Sparta had greatest army in Greece
Came with a high cost
Spartans did not value the arts or intellectual pursuits
Valued duty, strength, and discipline
Men expected to serve in military until 60
Daily life centered around military training
From age 7-30 lived in military barracks under harsh conditions

12. Spartan Daily Life: Women
Women would lead a difficult life too
Running, wrestling, playing sports
Women also taught to put service to Sparta above all else
“come back with your shield or on it”
Given considerable freedom in the house when men were away at war