RENEWAL 3 Regional Workshop March 2007 Heia Safari Lodge, South Africa

Objectives of the workshop 1.To review major current issues concerning AIDS, livelihoods, food and nutrition security in the region 2.To finalize research plans for RENEWAL’s third phase 3.To provide a platform for sharing information amongst partners and stakeholders, and initiating new collaborations.

RENEWAL: origins and evolution Stuart Gillespie International Food Policy Research Institute Regional Network on AIDS, Livelihoods and Food Security Heia Safari Lodge, South Africa, 12 March 2007

HIV and AIDS Food insecurity and malnutrition Food insecurity and malnutrition - chronic - chronic - acute - acute

A brief history of RENEWAL 2000 Exploratory work on AIDS and food security 2001IFPRI-DFID Consultation

Loevinsohn and Gillespie 2003

Vulnerability of Livelihood Systems Vulnerable Groups - Orphans, Elderly and Youth Headed Households, Effect on Institutions Community-based, Civil society, Market, State, Global Outcomes Nutrition, Food Security, Education, Community Cohesion, Income Effect on Assets Human, Financial, Social, Natural, Physical, Political Responses Individual, Household, Community Susceptibility HIV Stigma and Discrimination

The Vicious Cycle of Malnutrition and HIV Insufficient dietary intake Malabsorption, diarrhea Altered metabolism and nutrient storage Increased HIV replication Hastened disease progression Increased morbidity Increased oxidative stress Immune suppression Nutritional deficiencies Source:Sembaand Tang, 1999

Key gaps Understanding of dynamic interactions Understanding of how to respond Capacity to respond

A brief history of RENEWAL 2000 Exploratory IFPRI work on AIDS and food security 2001IFPRI-DFID Consultation, First national workshop in Mangochi, Malawi 2002RENEWAL launched (Malawi, Uganda) IFPRI/ISNAR Research on AIDS, food security and food aid

The Regional Network on HIV/AIDS, Rural Livelihoods, and Food Security (RENEWAL) Facilitated by IFPRI, RENEWAL brings together national networks of  researchers,  policymakers,  public & private organizations, and  NGOs to focus on the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security.

Goal To ensure food and nutrition security in the context of AIDS epidemics, and To maximize the food and nutrition sector’s contribution to a comprehensive global response to AIDS

Core pillars/processes of RENEWAL Action research Communications Capacity

RENEWAL active in Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia

A brief history of RENEWAL 2000 Exploratory IFPRI work on AIDS and food security 2001IFPRI-DFID Consultation, First national workshop in Mangochi, Malawi 2002RENEWAL launched (Malawi, Uganda) IFPRI/ISNAR Research on AIDS, food security and food aid 2003 Network-building, think tanks, workshops Zambia and South Africa join RENEWAL 2004 ISNAR transition to IFPRI 8 studies initiated (RENEWAL 1) Case studies and synthesis on OVCs

NATIONAL COORDINATOR IFPRI contract RENEWAL PROJECTS  Action Research  Capacity Strengthening  Communications Implemented by RENEWAL Partners DIRECTOR IFPRI - Geneva RENEWAL NETWORK FACILITATOR International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) FUNDING International and country level donors & agencies PROPOSALS Developed jointly by RENEWAL Partners and IFPRI International Peer Review REGIONAL COORDINATOR IFPRI - Nairobi NATIONAL ADVISORY PANEL (NAP) Guides, prioritizes & endorses proposals RENEWAL NATIONAL NETWORK National Focal Institution

The Effects of HIV/AIDS on Agricultural Production Systems in Zambia: A Restudy CARE International Zambia International HIV/AIDS Alliance, FAO HIV/AIDS and Community Resilience in Zambia: Understanding the Implications for Food and Nutrition Policies Farming Systems Association of Zambia Ministry of Agriculture Michigan State University IFPRI Washington DC HIV/AIDS, Food and Nutrition Security in South Africa: Understanding and Responding University of Western Cape, South Africa IFPRI, Washington DC Promoting agricultural innovation in AIDS affected rural households in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Farmer Support Group, KwaZulu-Natal Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam HIV/AIDS, land reform and land-based livelihoods in 3 provinces in South Africa Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Impact of HIV/AIDS on inter- and intra- generational information flows among smallholder farmers, Malawi Chancellor College, Malawi ICRISAT-Malawi HIV/AIDS, rural livelihoods and depeasantisation in Malawi: finding pathways to social recovery CARE International Malawi Center of Social Research, Malawi University of Leiden, Netherlands Farming Systems and Resilience to HIV/AIDS in Malawi Institute for Policy Research and Analysis for Dialogue, Blantyre, Chancellor College First Phase RENEWAL Studies ( )

A brief history of RENEWAL 2000 Exploratory IFPRI work on AIDS and food security 2001IFPRI-DFID Consultation, First national workshop in Mangochi, Malawi 2002RENEWAL launched (Malawi, Uganda) IFPRI/ISNAR Research on AIDS, food security and food aid 2003 Network-building, think tanks, workshops Zambia and South Africa join RENEWAL 2004 ISNAR transition to IFPRI 8 studies initiated (RENEWAL 1) Case studies and synthesis on OVCs 2005Food Policy Review 7 (>150 studies reviewed) Durban Conference Kenya joins RENEWAL, Ethiopia start-up activities new studies initiated (RENEWAL 2) International AIDS Conference, Toronto “AIDS, Poverty and Hunger” published

Dealing with vulnerability: parents efforts to secure the future of their children (regional) University of Cape Town, University of KwaZulu Natal, IFPRI, Southern Africa Vulnerability Initiative (SAVI) Tuberculosis: An Additional Tipping Stress to Poor Households in South Africa and Zambia Stellenbosch University, S.Africa; University Teaching Hospital, Zambia HIV/AIDS, Food and Nutrition Security and Urban- Rural Linkages in Southern Africa IFPRI, RENEWAL, Southern African Migration Project Integrating Nutrition Security with Treatment of People Living with HIV in Western Kenya Moi University, AMPATH, IFPRI, Columbia University USA, World Bank HIV/AIDS Mortality and the Role of Woodland Resources in the Maintenance of Household Food Security in Rural Limpopo Province, South Africa. SUNRAE Program; University of Witwatersrand, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA Gender Issues in HIV/AIDS and Food/Nutrition security among Internally Displaced People’s Camps in Uganda Makerere University Land Ownership and Food Security in Uganda: A Study of the Use and Control of Land Among Households of Women Affected by HIV/AIDS in Four Districts Makerere University and National Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS The Effects on Rural Livelihoods of Increasing Rates of HIV/AIDS-related Illness and Death in Zomba South, Malawi Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Bunda College of Agriculture, Zomba Second Phase RENEWAL Studies ( )

Conclusions of the 2005 Durban Conference Simultaneously: 1.Strengthen individual, household and community capacity to avoid HIV and to respond to AIDS 2.Preserve and enhance livelihood options and strategies - incentives for community mobilisation and development - address real constraints (labor-saving or cash-saving?) 3.Protect vulnerable groups -Social protection is more than “safety nets” -children affected by HIV and AIDS 4.Strengthen governance and capacity

RENEWAL 3 Protecting Livelihoods and Ensuring Food Security in the Time of AIDS

RENEWAL 3 Research in three thematic areas: 1.AIDS, agriculture and livelihood security 2.AIDS, community resilience and social protection 3.AIDS and nutrition security Capacity strengthening Communications Five “hub” countries, but now also linking with others (e.g. Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Mozambique) By 2010, networks become self-governing.

Theme 1: AIDS, Agriculture and Livelihood Security Food insecurity and risk of exposure to HIV Multiple stressors / vulnerabilities and interactions with AIDS Impacts of AIDS on assets and investment incentives Internally, what modifications are needed so that the agricultural sector can contribute to poverty reduction in the context of AIDS? Externally, how can the agricultural development community contribute to a comprehensive response to AIDS? AIDS and the environment

Theme 2: AIDS, Community Resilience and Social Protection Identify ways to strengthen and extend community responses Linking state-led support to community-driven responses AIDS-sensitive social protection Dynamics ~ responding to changing constraints and needs of people, households and communities affected by AIDS Protecting children affected by AIDS ~ principles, processes, interventions

Theme 3: AIDS and Nutrition Security Nutritional support ~ linking to ARV therapy effectively Sustainable nutrition security of affected households and communities HIV lens ~ operational implications of rethinking nutrition from this perspective Defining the role of nutrition in social protection

Capacity strengthening New strategy involves training and orientation in: –thematic knowledge, research methods, data analysis skills, project management, proposal writing, writing for publication, communication skills. Strengthening RENEWAL’s physical network and connectivity National and regional workshops Maintaining and extending research partnerships, with South-South and North-South links. Learning grants scheme Capacity progressively strengthened as communications increases access to relevant information

Communications and knowledge management “Inreach” and outreach New outreach strategy to be implemented –Messages, stakeholders, tools –Who, what, how Revamped RENEWAL website Updating living evidence base on web Tool pool (concepts, principles, methods, processes) Bibliography of key documents (links to other sites) Building on RENEWAL and Durban conference networks (links to UNAIDS, SADC, NEPAD, SARPN etc) Briefs, papers, CDs, journal articles, books

IMPACT Livelihood/food security HIV & AIDS Nutrition