1. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity May 30,, 2013 Washington, DC PSNP Plus and GRAD: Graduating poor out of food Insecurity

2. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity Ethiopia: Country Context Food Insecurity: Chronically food insecure: 8 million people. (1.5 million HHs) HIV/AIDS, OVCS: HIV Prevalence Adult: 1.2 million Children: 80 K OVCs: Orphaned by HIV/AIDS – 1 Million Total Orphans – 4.6 Million

3. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity PSNP Plus GOAL PSNP HOUSEHOLDS 50,000 Livelihood Assets Increased Resiliency Enhanced Graduation from food aid (70% of target) Services Access to Microfinance (Financial assets increased) Access to Markets (Engaged in functioning markets) Access to Water, Sanitation (Health &productivity improved) Learning and Sharing (Enabling environment created PSNP FOOD Support

4. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity PSNP Plus Causal Model 10/23/20154 Chronically Food Insecure Vulnerable To Food Insecurity Food Secure Stable Household Economy P+ Target Households P+ Graduated Households PSNP SUPPORT Saving & lending groups Farmers’ associations Productive asset transfer Productivity training and support Business training Financial literacy training Linkages Agricultural extension services Mainstream credit and Business services – small loans, insurance PULL PUSH Sustainably Graduated HHs PROVISION PROTECTION PROMOTOPN

5. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity Did it work? Project consisted of a longitudinal impact assessment component implemented by Tufts University. These assessments showed improvements in assets, sources of income, etc. (can be found in Tufts’ webpage) The studies also showed that some interventions were more effective than others, e.g. VSLA, Honey VC. Various qualitative analysis such as focus groups, case studies showed significant improvements. No quantitative assessment to determine the % of HHs graduating from food insecurity was conducted. Among the HHS graduated by the food security task forces from targeted woradas the ratio of PSNP Plus HHs was over 70%. Food security task forces in different woradas determined graduation based on HH assets as well as other factors such as budget available, etc.

6. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity Group Exercise Taking the above into account, how would redesign this project? Focus your discussion on: –Targeting –Services (direct and indirect) –Strategies to reach most vulnerable such as HIV/AIDS affected; women headed HHs and widows.

7. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity Lessons learned Resiliency strategies –Climate change, nutrition, women empowerment, aspirations Multiple value chains and off-farm IG activities (manage risks) Targeting – include lead/model farmers also VSLAs were effective, but needed a coordinated approach (of VSLA, Cooperatives, MFIs and Commercial Banks) to meet the need for finance Less labor intensive VCs for HIV affected HHs – honey, poultry

8. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity GOAL Work with 65K PSNP HHs & 10K Model Farmers * Assets increased, * HH income raised by $365/yr. * Resiliency enhanced * Graduate 50K PSNP HHs * Develop Pathways for Graduation Interventions Enhance Livelihood Options for CFI Households in Highland Areas Strengthen Enabling Environment to Promote Scale and Sustainability Improve Household and Community Resilience GRAD

9. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity GRAD Causal Model

10. Harnessing the Power of Cross-sectoral Programming to Alleviate HIV/AIDS and Food Insecurity GRAD Services Services to be delivered to Food secure (6,000 HHS), - (Deepen resiliency) Organize into Marketing Cooperatives; Training on product quality and market requirements; Linkage with formal financial service providers; Market linkage with high value markets Services to be delivered to Food Sufficient (4,000 HHS) - (Accumulate assets, manage risks better) Transition PMAs to marketing cooperatives or SMEs, diversify income; Linkage with formal financial service providers for savings, bigger loan and insurance; Linkage with private sector to provide embedded services; Access to market information; Support groups to engage in value addition business; Strengthen extension services Services to be delivered to Chronically Food Insecure (58,500 HHS) - (Increase income, manage risks) Technical training on production to increase productivity; Support on- and off-farm enterprise selection; Access to loan to engage in VC through MFIs and RUSACCOs ( individually or as a group); Training on Business skill and business planning; Linkage with input suppliers; Access to technology and inputs; Strengthen/establish PMAs linkage with private sector to provide embedded services; Access to market information; Strengthen extension services; Awareness raising on gender, nutrition, climate change and graduation Services to be delivered to Ultra Poor (6,500 HHS) - (Provide productive skills and assets) Promote saving and internal lending; Asset transfer; Financial literacy; Training on simple business skill to facilitate selection of IGA; Group formation/ strengthening;