MLA Documentation Using In-text reference

FTR  FTR = First Time Reference. Identify the full name of the writer, and the full name of the source.

FTR Examples  In “Words That Wound,” Kathleen Vail mentions that for many students, “school is a torture chamber from which there is no escape” (231).  Kathleen Vail notes in her article, “Words That Wound,” that for many students, “school is a torture chamber from which there is no escape”(231).

LTR  LTR = Later Time Reference. This can be the second time or later that a reference is mentioned. Do not give the full name of the author or the title of the source.

LTR Examples  Vail mentions that for many students, “school is a torture chamber” (231).  School, for many students, is “a torture chamber” (Vail 231).

Using Internal sources  Identify the person (give the person’s title, or position, or expertise)

Quoting an Internal Source  Example: June Arnette, who is an associate director of the National School Safety Center, notes that It is an “ ‘imbalance of power, sustained over a long period of time’ “ that leads to the problem of bullying (Vail 232).

Framing Quotations  Make sure to frame quotations within a sentence. Introduce the quotation.  Introduction____________, quotation_________________( ).

Framing Quotations WRONG: “Before he pulled the trigger, he said his last words: ‘I can’t take this anymore’ “ (Vail 230). CORRECT: Vail notes that before Brian “pulled the trigger, he said his last words: ‘ I can’t take this anymore’ “ (230).

Questions?