Chapter 4: Work & Simple Machines

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 4: Work & Simple Machines Review PowerPoint

Describe the six simple machines. Inclined plane: flat sloped surface Wedge: Moveable inclined plane Screw: Inclined plane wrapped around a post Lever: Rod or plank that pivots Wheel & axle: Two circular object that are attached and rotate together Pulley: Grooved wheel with a rope or chain wrapped around it

How are the simple machines useful? Inclined plane: decreases force, increases distance Wedge: MA increases as it becomes longer and thinner Screw: Changes direction of input force Lever: MA changes based on location of fulcrum Wheel & axle: MA is usually greater than one Pulley: Changes direction of force

Give an example of each simple machine. Inclined plane: Ramp Wedge: Axe Screw: Top of water bottle Lever: Baseball bat Wheel & axle: Doorknob Pulley: Flagpole

What is power? Rate at which work is done

What is a compound machine? Give an example. Two or more simple machines that work together Lawnmower is made up of a lever, wheel and axle, and a wedge.

What is mechanical advantage? MA is the amount by which a machine multiplies an input force.

What is efficiency? The work output of a machine divided by the work input.

Contrast input and output force. Input force is what you apply to a simple machine. Output force is what you overcome when using a simple machine.

What is work? Work depends on the force applied to the object and the distance the object is moved.

Why is it important for tires on a car be inflated the proper amount? Low air increases the friction between the tires and the road. This reduces the efficiency.

How is oil helpful between surfaces? Oil fills the gaps between surfaces and prevents many spots on the surfaces from coming in contact, reducing the force of friction.

Know how to calculate work. Work = Force x distance Measured in Joules

Know how to calculate power. Power = Work/Time Measure in Watts

Know how to calculate Mechanical Advantage. MA = Output force/Input force

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