WHAT WERE THE GOALS? RECONSTRUCTION

GOALS OF RECONSTRUCTION Rebuild the Southern economy Admit the Southern states into the Union Support former slaves in their new freedom – education, land, skills, etc.

RECONSTRUCTION THREE PLANS Lincoln’s Plan Easy on South Pardon Confederates if they swear allegiance to the Union Ten Percent Plan Radical Republicans Rep.Thaddeus Stevens Senator Charles Sumner Radical Republicans’ Plan Destroy political power of former slaveholders Punish South Give African Americans full citizenship and right to vote Passed Wade-Davis Bill Congress, not president, responsible for Reconstruction Majority, not 10%, must pledge allegiance Pocket Veto – kills bill

ECONOMY Problems Encountered: Property values and wealth decreases Population decreased State spending increases/few resources Labor shortage Landlessness Cotton prices drop Solutions Offered: Raise taxes Confiscate plantations – redistribute Sharecropping Tenant farmer systems Diversify economy

POLITICAL Problems Encountered: No $ to rebuild Different goals of groups in government – Radicals, Moderates, President Johnson Racist laws Black codes Solutions Offered: Increase taxes Freedmen’s Bureau Freed slaves take active role in politics Civil Rights Act of 1866 Amendments

SOCIAL Problems Encountered: Racism Refusal to accept freeds slaves as equals Acceptance of defeat Separation of families Illiteracy Solutions Offered: Emigration from plantations to cities Reuniting families Organizing educational, religious, social & political institutions

Andrew Johnson’s Plan Similar to Lincoln’s Southern states must also accept Thirteenth Amendment to abolish slavery Radical Republicans Feel plan does not address needs of former slaves Refused to seat Southern members of Congress Passed bill creating Freedmen’s Bureau Provides food and clothing to former slaves Sets up hospitals and schools Civil Rights Act of 1866 states could not enact black codes

JOHNSON VETOES BOTH BILLS Moderate & Radical Republicans join together Override Johnson’s veto Fourteenth Amendment Equal protection under the law Put Southern states under military control Southern states must approve Fourteenth Amendment Congress tries to impeach Johnson

WHAT WERE THE GOALS OF RECONSTRUCTION? Admit the Southern states into the Union Rebuild the Southern economy Support former slaves in their new freedom – education, land, skills, etc. How successful was Reconstruction?????

COMPROMISE OF 1877 An unwritten, informal deal between the Republican and Democrats of Congress to recognize the Republican president if the following actions took place: Removal of all federal troops from the southern states. Appointment of at least one southern Democrat into Hayes's Administration. Construction of a second transcontinental railroad in the South called the Texas and Pacific. Legislation enacted to help industrialize the South.

“Compromise Indeed!" represents the perceived bullying on the part of the Democrats in their plight. The popular press was particularly critical of the Democratic effort to get Tilden elected.