WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION? VARIETY OF DEFINITIONS & OTHER TERMS

GLOBALIZATION by A. Olechowski: Today I can: - live on a boat on Caribbean Sea - work in Poland - be in constant touch with my boss in France - and with the rest of the team around the world - keep my money in a bank in Switzerland - buy my books in the USA - buy my clothes in England - have a phone plugged in the space above me

GLOBALIZATION as a word: After Magellan’s discovery:  the word „globe” came as a substitute of the word „planet” End of XIX century:  the word „global” appeared in the Oxford English Dictionary meaning „world-wide” (adjective) 1940s:  words „globalism” and „to globalise" in the dictionaries 1961:  the word „globalization” appears in the Webster dictionary  the word „globalization” appears in the Webster dictionary and soon in all the dictionaries around the world

Globalization in the dictionaries today:  WEBSTER: „growth to a global or worldwide scale”  WIKIPEDIA: „ a social change, an increase in connections among societies and their elements”  ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT: „ the process of increasing integration in world civilization”

WORDS USED BEFORE THE WORD „GLOBALIZATION” IMPERIALISM IMPERIALISM WORLD CAPITALISM WORLD CAPITALISM WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKET OPEN ECONOMY OPEN ECONOMY  The roots of globalization lie in the economical changes and in the intensification of international trade  Complex and dynamic process  Broad, deep definition

GLOBALIZATION by D. Harvey: „compression of time and space„ GLOBALIZATION by A. Giddens: „the world-wide development of social and economic relationships”

GLOBALIZATION by J.A. Scholte: „the rise of 'supraterritorial' relations between peoples” GLOBALIZATION by D. Held: „widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide interconnections in all aspects of contemporary social life, from the cultural to the criminal, the financial to the spiritual”

GLOBALIZATION by J.W. Head: „the process by which new multilateral institutions and rules - especially those involved in economic activity - grow in number and authority, at the expense of local and national institutions and rules”

GLOBALIZATION by the critics: „worldwide drive toward a globalised economic system dominated by supranational corporate trade and banking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or national governments”

GLOBALIZATION by antiglobalists: „you can not eat your money”

OTHER TERMS USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT: InternationalizationUniversalization  intensification of relations between sovereign states  the expansion of interactions affected by the spread of goods, ideas, inventions and experiences to every corner of the globe

OTHER TERMS USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT : LiberalizationHomogenization  the lifting of government restrictions on the cross- border flow of production factors and the introduction of the open world economy  the tendency of prices, products, pay, property, interest rates and profit to resemble one another

OTHER TERMS USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT: WesternizationAmericanization  the spread of Western values and cultural patterns at the cost of indigenous cultures  the spread of American way of life and cultural patterns also in well- developed Western states (McDonaldization)

OTHER TERMS USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT: RegionalizationIntegration  states’ actions toward regional cooperation on different levels (political, economical, social)  states’ actions toward close and tight cooperation on different levels (security, economics)

OTHER TERMS USED IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT: DeterritorializationTransnationalization  certain aspects of a state territory and its geographical location become unimportant  states are no longer the only subjects on international scene (corporations, organizations, individuals)

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY STATE STATE NATION NATION SOVEREIGNTY SOVEREIGNTY GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT SECURITY SECURITY SOCIETY SOCIETY OPEN market OPEN market FREE FLOW/MOVEMENT OF GOODS etc. FREE FLOW/MOVEMENT OF GOODS etc. MULTILATERAL MULTILATERAL SUPRANATIONAL SUPRANATIONAL CROSS-BORDER CROSS-BORDER