Imperialism in Asia

Japan 1853 President Fillmore sends Commodore Perry to Japan. –Tokugawa (Isolationists) –Trade –American sailors safety Treaty of Kanagawa –1854 U.S. Opens Japan –Great Britain, Russia, and Netherlands This was the turning point in Japanese history.

Japan 1868 Meiji Restoration –1860 Civil War broke out Tokugawa and Anti-Tokugawa Anti-Tokugawa threw the shogunate out of power –Young emperor, named his reign, Meiji meaning – “Enlightened Rule” –Meiji government ruled and industrialized despite European influence.

Japan 1889 Japanese Constitution –Two major purposes To impress western governments with Japanese progress To provide Japanese people with a voice (limited) –Gave Emperor supreme power (not exercised) –Two-house national assembly – the Diet One house elected (limited power) Small group of leaders acting in the name of the Emperor held real power.

Japan Sino-Japanese War –China claimed Korea as a dependency –1876 Korea-Japan Trade Partnership –Japan opened three Korean ports –1894 rebellion broke out for liberation Japan and China entered to end rebellion causing the brief Sino-Japanese War (1895) –1895 Treaty of Shimaroseki Forced China to recognize Korea as independent Japan took control of Taiwan

Japan 1904 Russo-Japanese War –Russian interests in Manchuria upset Japan –1902 Japan-Great Britain Alliance Very prestigious for Japan Put pressure on Russia –Battle at Mukden Japan pushed Russians back –Battle of Tsushima Japan stunned the world –Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)

Japan 1900 Considered Industrialists –In less than 50 years feudal agrarian to industrialist –Urbanization –Country of exports 1910 Annexation of Korea –No Imperialist power objected 1918 WWI Peace Settlement –Japan aligned with US 1931 Invasion of Manchuria

China Manchu Dynasty Manchu Dynasty –Rejected Industrialization and Modernization –British/West Influence in China (free trade) 1839 Opium Wars1839 Opium Wars –1842 Treaty of Nanjing –Hong Kong

China Taiping and other Rebellions Weaken China Taiping and other Rebellions Weaken China –Taiping – “Heavenly Peace” –Muslim Rebellions 1856 Extraterritoriality Begins/Partition of China Begins1856 Extraterritoriality Begins/Partition of China Begins –Extraterritoriality – exemption of foreigners from the laws of the country in which they live or do business –Great Britain/Russian Gains

China 1895 Sino-Japanese War1895 Sino-Japanese War 1899 Open Door Policy1899 Open Door Policy –All nations would have equal rights to trade anywhere in China –Spheres of Influence 1899 Boxer Rebellion1899 Boxer Rebellion –Society of the Harmonious Fists –1900 China under complete foreign domination

China 1911 Chinese Revolution1911 Chinese Revolution –Republic (Sun Yixian) NationalismNationalism DemocracyDemocracy LivelihoodLivelihood –Guomindang – Chinese Nationalists Party Split into socialists/Communists and ConservativesSplit into socialists/Communists and Conservatives 1921 CCP Created1921 CCP Created –Anti-Western Warlords –Soviet Union

China 1927 Chinese Civil War Begins1927 Chinese Civil War Begins –Nationalists (Kaishek) –Communists (Zedong) 1934 The Long March1934 The Long March –Mao Zedong –Red Army –Nationalists policies backfire 1937 Communists and Nationalists make a truce to fight Japanese1937 Communists and Nationalists make a truce to fight Japanese

India British East India CompanyBritish East India Company –The Seven Years War ( ) –1763 Treaty of Paris Indirect RuleIndirect Rule 1830 Britain begins imposing western culture1830 Britain begins imposing western culture 1857 Sepoy Rebellion1857 Sepoy Rebellion

India 1876 Queen Victoria named Empress of India1876 Queen Victoria named Empress of India

India 1885 Indian National Congress founded1885 Indian National Congress founded –Promote continued ties to Great Britain –Despite rising Hindu Nationalists Movement

India 1899 Begin Western Education Programs1899 Begin Western Education Programs 1900 Population has doubled1900 Population has doubled –Causing major problems

India 1906 Muslim League1906 Muslim League –Muslims minority in India 1914 WWI1914 WWI –7 million Indians serve Great Britain 1919 limited self government after series of violent1919 limited self government after series of violent

India Independence MovementIndependence Movement –Gandhi Passive Resistance – a form of civil disobedience, called for citizens to peacefully refuse to cooperate with the government in order to win concessions from it.Passive Resistance – a form of civil disobedience, called for citizens to peacefully refuse to cooperate with the government in order to win concessions from it.