TEST ON CHAPTERS 11 and 12 THURSDAY MARCH 19, 2015 Brazil AGENDA 3.16.15 PDN Finish Chap. 12 Sec 1 Review Chap. 9-10 Test back Go over tests TEST ON CHAPTERS 11 and 12 THURSDAY MARCH 19, 2015 Standard: 7.3.8.A Explain the human characteristics of places of places and regions using economic activities . 7.2.8.A Explain the characteristics of places and regions. Anchor: CC8.5.6-8.D: Determine the meaning of words as they are used in text. Beginning Objective: Identify existing environmental and economic challenges in the Northeast.

Introduction to Brazil Biggest country in S. America. Two major types of landforms Plains Plateaus Behind coastal plains is a huge interior plateau. As it drops sharply to the plains, it forms an escarpment. A steep cliff between two level areas at different heights.

Northeast Region Bulges into the Atlantic Portuguese built sugar plantations along fertile coastal plain. Brazil became the world’s major producer of sugar.

Northeast Region Continued… Over 3 million enslaved Africans were brought to Brazil, from 1500-1800s, to work on plantations. Folktales, food and religion of the Northeast still reflect this African heritage.

Northeast Region Continued… Inland from the Northeast's coastal plains lies the sertao, or interior plain. Tropical wet and dry climate, often bakes through a year or more of drought. When it does rain, the hard soil cannot absorb rain.

Northeast Region Continued… Severe Poverty Yearly income about 1/3 of what someone might make in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Impoverished lives and malnutrition leads to ???

OBJECTIVE REVIEW What are some environmental challenges in the Northeast region? What is the economic challenge in the Northeast region?

NEW OBJECTIVE Students will describe the effects of urbanization on the southeast region.

Southeast Region Brazil’s smallest region is its economic heartland. 11% of countries area = 40% of population. Humid subtropical climate + fertile soil means farmers can grow cash crops like cotton, sugar cane, rice and cacao. Southeast’s biggest and most important crop is coffee.

Southeast Region Continued… Today, Brazil is often referred to as the world’s “coffeepot,” growing one fourth of the world’s supply. Great agriculture but most live near the cities of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

Southeast Region continued… Beauty, excitement and economic health of Rio and Sao Paulo draw rural Brazilians looking for a better life. Undereducated and lacking experience many find no jobs or settle for low pay. Most end up living in slum communities called favelas.

Brazilian Culture Despite poverty, Rio de Janeiro is known around the world for Carnival. 4 days preceding Lent (40 day period of fasting). Samba – Brazil’s national dance.

Objective Review What are the effects of urbanization on the southeast region?

NEW OBJECTIVE Students will be able to explain why the government has encouraged economic development in the Brazilian Highlands.

Brazilian Highlands

Brazilian Highlands Continued… North of the southeast region. Interior area of hills on the country’s central plateau. Brasilia, country’s capital, is located here.

Brazilian Highlands Continued… Rio de Janeiro = former capital, too crowded. In 1956, hoping to boost development of the interior and to draw people away from the coastal cities, the government decided to build a new capital city, 600 miles inland.

OBJECTIVE REVIEW Why did the Brazilian government encourage economic development in the Highlands?

NEW OBJECTIVE List the main characteristics of the Amazon River basin ecosystem.

Amazon River Region Largest and least explored region of Brazil is the Amazon River Basin. Growing season never ends. (80 deg.) Amazon rain forest is home to thousands of species of plants and animals.

The Amazon Indians Only 10% of Brazilians live in the Amazon Basin, including about 200,000 Indians from 180 different tribes (Down from 2-5 million). Govt. provides Reservations Comes with opponents who argue that reservations actually contribute to the disappearance of language, customs and religion. Compensation

OBJECTIVE REVIEW What are some characteristics of the Amazon River basin ecosystem?

Chapter 12 Section 1 Review What is one environmental challenge of northeast Brazil? What is one economic challenge of northeast Brazil? What are the effects of urbanization on southeast Brazil? Why has the government encouraged economic development in the Brazilian Highlands? What are some characteristics of the Amazon River basin ecosystem?

Chapter 12, Section 2 Brazil’s Quest for Economic Growth AGENDA: PDN Amazon River Movie FINISH CHAPTER 12 NOTES Ticket out the door review CHAPTER 11 and 12 TEST ON THURSDAY MARCH 19, 2015!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Standard: 7.3.8.A: Explain the human characteristics of places and regions using the following criteria: Economic activities Anchor: CC8.5.6-8.D: Determine the meaning of words as they are used in text. BEGINNING OBJECTIVE: Students will, identify the economic challenges urban and rural poor in Brazil face.

Introduction Brazil is a country of extremes. Huge country Rich in natural resources Extreme poverty

Introduction Continued… Brazil today, is no longer a society of only rich and poor. Industry growth and manufacturing has helped create a middle class. Cities have grown, doctors, teachers and government workers have moved in to fill the need of growing population.

Economic Challenges Urban favelas Many parents cannot feed or house their children, much less provide them with schooling. Hungry and/or homeless children live on the streets seeking menial jobs or begging for coins with which to buy food.

Economic Challenges Continued… Conditions in agriculture contribute to poverty. A handful of wealthy families own the profitable plantations or large commercial farms.

Economic Growth Industry accounts for more than 1/3 of Brazil’s GDP. One major step was the successful development of a new alcohol-based fuel called gasohol. Mix of gasoline and ethanol.

Environmental Changes Deforestation, or the permanent removal of woodland, threatens vast numbers of plant and animal species of the Amazon. The Amazon basin contains some 1,300 plants that can be used in the treatment of a variety of illnesses. Military and police combine forces to seize illegally logged timber.

Environmental Changes The government also encourages ecotourism, or tourism that encourages environmental awareness and has little effect on the ecosystem.