1. Answer at the beginning of your notes!!
Warm Up
Answer at the beginning of your notes!!
What is Mercosur? Explain.

2. Unit 3 Day 8 Chapter 10 Section 4
Brazil
Unit 3 Day 8
Chapter 10 Section 4

3. Portugal gained control of Brazil Largest country in South America
History of Brazil?
The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) split South America between Spain and Portugal
Portugal gained control of Brazil
Largest country in South America
Colonized by both countries
Portuguese speaking nation

4. Natives and Portugal?
Portuguese hoped to find gold and silver (but didn’t!)
Cleared land for sugar plantations
Settlements along the coast
Interior cleared and natives enslaved, causing many to die from disease
Slaves brought in from Africa
Millions are of mixed European, African, and native ancestry
Did not find gold or silver
Sugar became in high demand, so Portugal made a lot of money from Brazil
Lived on coast because the rain forests in the interior made farming difficult
Slaves were from Africa, millions of Brazilians are of mixed European, African and native ancestry

5. Brazilian Independence?
Colony from
1815: Brazilians demanded freedom
Portugal wanted Brazil to remain a colony
Petition signed asking the Prince of Portugal Dom Pedro to rule as an independent country
Agreed and in Sept. 1822, they declared independence
Portuguese colony from 1500 to 1822

6. National Culture of Brazil?
Home to many immigrants from Portugal, Germany, Italy, & Spain
Largely a Catholic nation, or African religions mixed with Catholicism
Capital: Brasilia
Capital placed 600 miles inland to attract people to the interior
Architect Oscar Niemeyer designed the capital
Largest Japanese population outside of Japan

7. Economic Power Hydroelectric power is largely used
Brazil is one of the most industrialized countries in South America
Largest steel plants that make cars that run on ethanol
Increased urbanization
However, the government is trying to push moving to the interior
The cerrados provides farmland
Many move to improve their economic situation
Ethanol is made from sugar cane and cheaper than imported oil
In 2008, 86% of Brazilians lived in cities

8. Brazilian life today
Brasilia is the political center, Sao Paulo is its economic hearth, and Rio is the cultural center
In Rio, many live in favelas (poor slums)
Carnival is a feast day in Brazil where people ride on floats and dance in the streets
Samba: music/dance from Brazil; it has roots in Africa and the slave trade
Capoeira is a martial arts form that combines acrobatics, dance, and music (sometimes referred to as a game)

9. Answer the following questions IN COMPLETE SENTENCES!!
1. What is the Treaty of Tordesillas? 2. Describe what happened to the natives after the Portuguese moved towards the interior of Brazil? 3. What has made Brazil an economic power? 4. Explain what the samba, carnival, and capoeira are. How are they connected to one another? 5. Why are the cerrados important to Brazil? Explain. 6. What are some natural resources that can be found in Brazil? 7. What were the Portuguese hoping to find in Brazil? What did they end up doing instead?

10. Exit Slip
What were the motives behind European exploration and settlement of the New World?
What have been positive and negative effects of European colonization on Latin America?
How can cultural differences in Latin America be explained by colonization and the Atlantic Slave Trade?