1. Chapter 16 Atlantic South America
6th Grade Social Studies
Hodnicki

2. Maps of South America
Political
Physical

3. Section 1: Physical Geography
Amazon River / Basin
Brazilian Highlands
Brazilian Plateau
Gran Chaco
Patagonia
Andes
Parana River
Paraguay River
Rio de la Plata
Tierra del Fuego
South America Map

4. Section 1 Objectives
Identify the landforms and rivers found in Atlantic South America.
Describe the region’s climates, vegetation, and wildlife.
Name some of the region’s important resources.

5. Section 1: Vocabulary
Pampas - A wide, grassy plains region in central Argentina
Estuary - A partially enclosed body of water where salty seawater and freshwater mix
Soil exhaustion - The loss of soil nutrients needed by plants

6. Questions What are the region’s major landforms and rivers?
What are the climates of the region?
How have humans modified the region’s environment?
4:37

7. SECTION 1
Physical Geography
Question:
What are some of the important natural resources of Atlantic South America?

8. Physical Geography SECTION 1 Resources of Atlantic South America
Area of Atlantic South America
Resource
Amazon River basin
rain forest—for food, wood, rubber, medicinal plants; gold, other minerals
Brazilian Highlands
oil
Brazilian Plateau
hydroelectric power; minerals
Gran Chaco
hydroelectric power
Pampas
oil, natural gas, minerals
Patagonia
oil, natural gas

9. Main Ideas
What major landforms lie between the Amazon River basin and Patagonia?
The Brazilian Highlands, the Pampas, and Gran Chaco are the major landforms that lie between the Amazon River and Patagonia.

10. Main Idea
What sets the Amazon River apart from all of the world’s other rivers?
The Amazon River drains the largest area and carries more water than any other river in the world.

11. Main Idea Why is the Patagonia desert dry?
The Patagonia is dry because the Andes prevent the Pacific Ocean’s rain-bearing storms from reaching the area.

12. Tropical Rainforests: Where Are Rainforests Located?
Tropical rainforests are located near the equator
One third of the world's tropical rainforests are in Brazil.

13. What makes the Tropical Rainforest special?
Forest People
Causes of Destruction
Worksheet
Video and Quiz to follow

14. Rainforest
27:00

15. Section 2: Brazil

16. Section 2 Objectives Describe the history of Brazil.
Identify the important characteristics of Brazil’s people and culture.
Describe what Brazil’s four major regions are like today.

17. Brazil
Vocabulary
Favelas – huge slums that surround some Brazilian cities

18. Questions How have different people influenced Brazilian history?
How has cultural borrowing affected Brazilian culture?
What are Brazils four main regions?
4:51

19. SECTION 2
Brazil
Question:
What are some important characteristics of Brazil’s various regions?

20. Brazil SECTION 2 Brazil The Amazon The Northeast The Interior
dense rain forest; isolated Brazilian Indian villages; Manaus—major city; Belém—Atlantic port; large mining district; tensions among Brazilian Indians, settlers, miners
The Northeast
old colonial cities like Salvador, suffers from drought, poorest region, favelas
The Interior
savannas and dry woodlands, could become agricultural area, Brasília, the national capital
The Southeast
coffee-growing area, Rio de Janeiro, richest region, most people, São Paulo

21. Main Ideas
From what major immigrant groups are many Brazilians descended?
Many Brazilians are descended from Africans, Portuguese, Spaniards, Germans, and Italians, and Poles.

22. Main Idea
What is Brazil’s poorest region? What is its richest and most populated region?
Brazil’s poorest region is the northeast and its richest and most populated is the southeast.

23. Google Earth
Brazil
Brasilia
Manaurs
Argentina
Cordoba
Cosquin

24. Brazil
20:21

25. Section 3: Argentina

26. Section 3 Objectives Describe the history of Argentina.
Identify the important characteristics of Argentina’s people and culture.
Describe what Argentina is like today.

27. Section 3: Argentina Vocabulary:
Encomienda - A system in which Spanish monarchs gave land to Spanish colonists in the Americas; landowners could force Indians living there to work the land
Gauchos - Argentine cowboys
Mercosur - A trade organization that includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and two associate members (Bolivia and Chile)

28. Questions
How was Argentina’s government organized during much of the 1900s?
Why are so many languages spoken in Argentina?
What is Argentina like today?
3:54

29. Question: What is the ethnic makeup of Argentina’s population?
SECTION 3
Argentina
Question:
What is the ethnic makeup of Argentina’s population?

30. Argentina SECTION 3 Ethnic makeup of Argentina
Descendants of Spanish, Italian, or other European settlers
97%
Argentine Indians and mestizos 3%

31. Main Ideas
What happened to Argentine Indians in the Pampas in the 1800s? How did that affect Argentine society?
Argentine Indians were killed in wars with the Argentine government. There are few Indians today.

32. Main Idea Where is much of Argentina’s industry located? Why?
Most of Argentina’s industry is located in the Buenos Aires area because of its beneficial position in the country.

33. Argentina
2:49

34. Buenos Aires Locate Buenos Aires Where is Buenos Aires located?
What would you expect to find in Buenos Aires? (notebook)
Lets go to Buenos Aires (Google Earth)

35. Section 4: Uruguay and Paraguay

36. Section 4 Objectives
Describe what the people and economy of Uruguay are like today.
Describe what the people and economy of Paraguay are like today.

37. Section 4: Uruguay and Paraguay
Vocabulary
Landlocked - Completely surrounded by land, with no direct access to the ocean

38. Questions What geographic factors support agriculture in Uruguay?
How is Paraguay’s economy organized?
4:00

39. Paraguay and Uraguay
20:03

40. SECTION 4
Uruguay and Paraguay
Question:
In what ways do the people and economies of Paraguay and Uruguay differ?

41. Uruguay and Paraguay SECTION 4
The People and Economy of Paraguay and Uruguay
Uruguay
People
Economy
Paraguay
People
Economy
88% European; most Roman Catholic; Spanish, Portuguese (lang.) ; 90% urban; high literacy rate
95% mestizo; Spanish (lang.), Guaraní, most Roman Catholic
controlled by few families and companies; surplus hydroelectricity; agriculture; not much industry
led by Brazil and Argentina; agriculture, livestock; hydroelectric power

42. Main Ideas
When and from what country did Uruguay win independence? What about Paraguay?
Uruguay gained independence from Spain in 1825 and Paraguay from Spain in 1811.

43. Main Idea Where is Paraguay’s most productive agricultural land?
Paraguay’s most productive land is located east of the Paraguay River.

44. Main Idea
How has Paraguay used the natural resources for economic development?
Paraguay has erected hydroelectric projects on the Parana River to create more power, surplus power is sold to Brazil and Argentina.

45. South America Today (20:00)

46. Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 16
1. Which country in Atlantic South America was a Portuguese colony? What colonial power controlled the other countries before they became independent?
2. What major river systems drain much of northern and central Atlantic South America? What economic roles do they play?
3. Which is the richest region in Brazil? Which is the poorest?
4. What and where is the Rio de la Plata?
5. What is the most important agricultural area in Argentina?

47. Review
Jeopardy Game

48. Credits
All information and activities borrowed from Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; People, Places, and Change