Status, benefits and challenges of Electrification by Power from Shore Trygve Iversen, ABB AS – OGP, 2010-03-16, Bellona Seminar Status, benefits and challenges of Electrification by Power from Shore © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 1 1

Electrification Advocate and develop economical and HSE sensitive solutions for offshore installations How Studies /feasibility Electrification (power from shore) Automation Remote Diagnostics/Condition based maintenance Maximize technology utilization to minimize OPEX by moving the personnel on-shore © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 2

Power from (to) Shore solutions HVDC HVDC AC HVDC AC © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 3

“Classic” (Radial Feed) Power from (to) Shore E-On Wind farm Troll, Valhall, Luva, + + Oil Platform HVDC HVDC Station offshore HVDC >200MW >100km Gjøa, Goliat, Halul, + + HVDC >50MW >150km Oil Platform HVAC HVAC <150MW <150km Onshore Converter Onshore Converter Onshore Sub Station © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 4 onshore

Offshore Grid Multi-terminal HVDC Light solutions (Ring Net) Wind farm Wave farm Platform DC Wind farm Platform DC Platform AC Platform AC Hosted on platform or buoy Platform DC Onshore Converter onshore Onshore Converter © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 5

Technology Selection: GT vs. AC vs. DC Power (MW) Distance (miles) AC Transmission DC Transmission Gas Turbines An Example of Economical Window of Opportunity for Power From / To Shore Transmission from land to platform HVAC or HVDC? AC+cables (”1kV per km”). Capacitive current 3 times full load active current at 132kV AC. There is already 45kV/15MW ac cable installed. Pmax<5MW today. DC: CSC or VSC? There were many topologies considered. No generation in receiving end. Difficult to commutate CSC (only if machine does it => transmission and vsd in one, but too low voltage). Coordinated control of rect/inverter necessary, but no communication land<=>platform. © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 6

Business Process – Early Involvement / Studies Market Shift to system approach The most critical decisions are made early Secure best information for optimal decisions System approach early start Product suppliers responds to RFQ here Feasibility Concept Pre Feed Feed Basic/ Detailed Design /FAT Installation/ Commissioning Start-up Operation © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 7 All Electric decision MEV decision Products and services

Power From Shore Delivered Statoil Troll, HVDC-Light Compressor drives, 2x40MW, ca. 80km Statoil Gjøa, AC Power, 40MW, 100km, 90kV Under Delivery BP-Vallhall redevelopment, HVDC, 78MW, 292km (Revamp) E.On Windpower hub, HVDC, 350MW, ca 200km incl onshore (power to shore!) In pursuit ENI-Goliat, 60-120MW, 90km, HVAC Studies ABB has participated in recently: Shell Draugen redevelopment, HVDC or AC, 60MW, 60km Statoil & Others -Halten Banken electrification, HVDC and HVAC In concept / feed Conoco-Phillips Ekofisk –HVDC (Revamp) Qatar Petroleum, PS4-platform, 25-30MW, 80km, 60-66kV (AC) Qatar Petroleum, Halul Oil Terminal, 100-130MW, AC! Saudi Aramco, Safaniyah Statoil, Mariner & Bressney Statoil, Gudrun (Platform to Platform, i.e. Sleipner to Gudrun) Statoil, Sleipner (50/60Hz converter –Platform to platform) (Statoil-Shell-Total, Norskehavet (to start end 2009) –Multi terminal HVDC and HVAC) Statoil-Luva HVDC Abu Dabi, Das Island © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 8

Troll HVDC © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 9

Off shore power supply .. Troll Troll, HVDC-Light Pre-Compressors 2x40MW, ca. 80km In operation 2005 © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 10

Valhall HVDC © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 11

Valhall Description Main data Status Lista Description One HVDC light station off-shore and one on-shore 292 km HVDC Cable Main data P = 78 MW UDC = 150 kV Status Onshore station in operation Offshore module being installed Commercial operation 2010 © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 12

Valhall – PFS – Technical solution Phase Reactors Transformer Valves © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 13

Eon Netz Wind Power to Shore © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 14

EON 2 off shore cluster 128 km sea cable 75 km land cable 400 MW off shore convertor 128 km sea cable 75 km land cable In operation 2009 !! New technologies for grid expansion can offer renewable energy: Location on best production sites. Access to the market Back up power New technologies will also improve the grid instead of degrading the grid by improved voltage, frequency and reactive power control Historically every developer planned a network-connection for each wind farm More than 20 cable connections (AC&DC) through the Wattenmeer were planed Since 1st of January `07 the TSOs are responsible for the network connections. E.ON Netz in the North-Sea. E.ON is planning 4 clusters Immediate reaction from TSO:s 400 MW convertor © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 15

Gjøa HVAC © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 16

Gjøa High Voltage AC 40MW, 100km In operation 2010 Similar projects underways Goliat Halul-Qatar Al Mojan-Qatar Safaniyah-Saudi (Abu Dabi) © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 17

Middle East -Electrification © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 18

Cable Projects in Qatar Halul Island Ras Lafan PS 4(QP) 25-30 MW 50/60 HZ 66kV 100 MW HVAC 132 kV 80-90 km 100 km Al-Morjan(Qxy) Existing Cable PS 2 QP PS 3 Al-Khalij Total Future Cables Handled by ABB NO OGP as a system delivery © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 19

Saudi Arabia -Safaniyah Customer EPC’s : McDermott, NPCC End-user: Consultant: Overall Project Scope Meet the Crude Program production and Maximum Sustainable Capacity (MSC) targets for the Safaniyah Field of 1,300 MCBD by 2013. Increase transportation capacities. Install new ESP’s Project Location Safaniyah is located in the Northern Area of Arabian Gulf © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 20

Safaniyah KSA PROJECT SCOPE Offshore Onshore Country ; KSA Safaniyah is the largest offshore oil field in the world. Project name: Safaniyah Crude Gathering upgrade Customer: EPC’s End-User: Saudi Aramco PROJECT SCOPE GOSP 4 TP-17 TP-19 69 kV 69 kV TP-20 New Facilities 910 Upgrade & electrification 656 470 646 930 348 Electrification 940 Existing 15 kV TP-18 230 kV GOSP 3 243 275 115kV Aux Offshore TL-11 This project consists of onshore and offshore facilities. The onshore facilities include modification of Saudi Electrical Company owned power plant and laying new 380 KV overhead powerline connecting to new 380/230 kv onshore substation. In addition SEC will lay 230 KV overhead powerline from the new 230 kv substation to GOSP-1 SAPMT will built a new Onshore 115kv substation within SFNY GOSP-1 and 230kv and 115 kv overhead power lines connecting to new transition yard in preparation for offshore connections. Offshore Tie-In platform number 18 will be upgraded and electrified. The upgrade includes the fabrication and installation of new upper deck and installation of switchgear and transformer to feed 15kv power to the existing wellhead platforms. Laying 115kv Offshore submarine cables totaling 40 km from SFNY GOSP-1 to TP-18. Upgrade and electrification of five (5) recently designed wellhead platforms, the mezzanine decks exist such that new equipment (VSD’s& transformers) is installed offshore. Laying and connecting 15kv submarine cables OF approximately 25 km from Tie-platform 18. And laying offshore crude gathering subsea pipelines from these existing wellhead platforms to Tie-in platform number 18. Upgrade and electrification of four (4) existing old designed wellhead platforms, adding mezzanine decks on three platforms, installation of auxiliary platform for the fourth platform. Total scope weight is 1,350 tons. In addition, 4 lateral pipelines to be rerouted the flow to SFNY TP-18.Plus laying 15kv submarine cables of approximately 20km from TP-18. Fabrication of New TP-20, which will be the largest ever built in Saudi Aramco offshore field. The deck weighing approximately 6,000 tons which exceeds barge carne lifting capacity. This requires special installation technique called the float over. This is in order to install the facility safely in Brownfield area. Laying 230kv Offshore submarine cables totaling 48 km from SFNY GOSP-1 to TP-20. this cable will be the largest ever manufactured for Saudi Aramco. We have conducted a study in coordination with CSD to develop the required specification for this cable and set the 230kv cable standard for Saudi Aramco. Laying 69kv of sub sea cables approximately 15 km from TP-20 to existing TP-17 and TP-19. Laying Turnkline 11 from TP-20 to onshore SFNY GOSP-1 (50 kilometers long and 42” diameter in size) and transfer line (1.2 kilometers and 20” diameter size) between TP-20 and SFNY 920. As we can observe from the size and complexity of this project which requires enormous interface and coordination efforts between all project parties . The shear number of marine vessels operating simultaneously will pose logistical challenges. The shallow water near shore will pose both logistical and technical challenge. Further, the field condition is such that there are several technical issues to be resolved such as the use of 230 kV submarine cable. This will be the first installation of 230 kV submarine cable within Saudi Aramco. In comparison to recently completed project, BI-0047, North Safaniya Artificial Lift Project; the size of BI-0642 is approximately four times in scope and cost. The BI 642 is also larger than the recently awarded Karan Gas Project. TY VS SFNY GOSP-1 Onshore 115 kV O/H SA 115 kV SEC Maaden 230 kV O/H SEC 230 kV 380 kV O/H © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 21 21

Concept Krieger’s Flak © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 22

Kriegers Flak, individual cables Classic issue involving multiple countries © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 23

Kriegers Flak, “Supergrid” concept VSC Bentwisch/Guestrow KF 1, 330 MW 1100 MW KF 2, 640 MW 100 km Baltic 1 50 MW 11(55) +121 km 11+60 km Barsebäck ±300 kV DC BWL KF 3, X MW (Option) © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 24

Concept Super Grid © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 25

Supergrid concept (Vision) Main concept, combine: Integration of renewable energy Interconnections for trading Security of supply Benefits Reduced investment Increased trading capacity Back-up power, e.g. hydro power can support wind power Large geographic area gives more stable production © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 26

WG Offshore grid Vision 2020 – an offshore grid enabling Task Offshore wind parks Power supply to oil fields Energy exchange between markets Ancillary services (freq control ++) Task Describe technology status Describe ambitions towards an off shore grid Describe R&D challenges © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 27

Opportunities and Challenges Technology is available, no significant technology gaps More compact HVDC solutions possible (reduced installed costs, 2 years to develop) Challenges: Time (not long until 2020) Projects take time, typically 5-8 years from concept to operation Get started!!! Production limits Cables Build additional production lines (3-5 years) Engineering resources Limited supply of qualified engineers Shift resources from other areas (2-4 years) © ABB Group April 21, 2017 | Slide 28