INTRODUCTION TO RAPID RESULTS APPROACH

RESULTS-FOCUSED MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE Aimed at jump- starting major change efforts and enhancing implementation capacity TACKLES LARGE- SCALE CHANGE EFFORTS Through a series of small-scale, results- producing and momentum- building initiatives EMPOWERS TEAMS BY ACHIEVING RESULTS Within 100 days focusing on a few key results and scaling up beyond 100 days THE RAPID RESULTS APPROACH* *The Rapid Results Approach is an adaptation of General Electric’s Work-Out Process. Senior partners and associates at Robert H. Schaffer and Associates and the Crosslands Group were among the original team that helped the GE Work-Out process. They also introduced the approach to the World Bank

ENSURES ACTIVITIES ARE LINKED TO END RESULTS Ensures alignment between activities and overall national development objectives ACCELERATES LEARNING AND DISCOVERY PROCESS “Crossing the river by feeling the stones” REDUCES HIDDEN RISKS Inherent in long-term strategies UNLEASHES EXISTING CAPACITY Strengthening accountability and empowering actors at all levels THE RAPID RESULTS APPROACH (continued)

High level objective to which interventions contribute Long-term improvement in society that contributes to changes in the lives of people GOAL (long-term impacts) Effects or behavior changes (new attitudes, practices, new laws, etc.) OUTCOMES Products and services (knowledge, skills etc.) OUTPUTS What was actually done with the available resources to produce the intended outputs ACTIVITIES Critical resources (staff/expertise, equipment, supplies) needed to implement the planned activities INPUTS THE RESULTS CHAIN Source: Binnenen and Kusek&Rist, 2004.

GOAL (long-term impacts) OUTCOMESOUTPUTSACTIVITIESINPUTS THE RESULTS CHAIN Source: Binnenen and Kusek&Rist, RESULTS MEASURABLE CHANGE

Increase the overall MoH budget allocation for rural health centers and hospitals Increase proportion of children fully immunized Increase proportion of mothers delivering in health facilities Increase proportion of pregnant mothers using bednets THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: TRADITIONAL ACTIVITY- FOCUSED APPROACH PROGRAM OBJECTIVE: Increase Coverage of Maternal and Child Health Services PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

We KNOW all the activities that are needed to achieve the end objectives If we complete all the activities, the objectives will be achieved AUTOMATICALLY ASSUMES THAT: We DO NOT KNOW all the needed activities EVEN IF ALL THE ACTIVITIES ARE UNDERTAKEN, THE OBJECTIVES MAY NOT BE ACHIEVED BUT, IN REALITY: THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: TRADITIONAL ACTIVITY-FOCUSED APPROACH

Lack of accountability for results: Objectives are VAGUELY DEFINED and NOT MEASURABLE Responsibilities are assigned for specific activities but NO ONE IS ACCOUNTABLE for achieving the end objective Activities CANNOT BE EASILY ADJUSTED as situations change There is LITTLE LEARNING AND DISCOVERY of what it actually takes to achieve the end objectives

Let’s look at examples of RESULTS BASED LANGUAGE…

EXAMPLE ONE ACTION LANGUAGE Ensure that all pregnant women have access to prenatal services Improve the care and support environment for orphans and vulnerable children CHANGE LANGUAGE Suggested answers … The percentage of pregnant women accessing prenatal services increased from 20% to 40% by 2010 The percentage of orphans and vulnerable children in model districts accessing social safety net package increased from 10% to 60% by 2010

Translate Objectives into Concrete Results Personal Challenge Real Accountability Discovery and Learning OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: THE RRA

Translate Objectives into Concrete Results Personal Challenge Real Accountability Discovery and Learning OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: THE RRA

Increase the budget allocation for rural health centers and hospitals Increase proportion of children fully immunized Increase proportion of mothers delivering in health facilities Increase proportion of pregnant mothers using bednets OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: TRANSLATING OBJECTIVES INTO CONCRETE RESULTS PROGRAM OBJECTIVE: Decrease the Number of Malaria Related Deaths PROGRAM ACTIVITIES Increase number of children aged 1-5 using treated mosquito bednets in two provinces by 50% in 100 days Reduce under 5 child mortality from 114/1000 to 110/1000 in one year Reduce malaria morbidity from 30% to 10% within 3 years

15 Focusing on Strategic Areas and Defining a Rapid Results Goal To:Focus on one “high incidence” district Key Strategic Objective Rapid- Results Goal Reduce under 5 malaria related child mortality To: Increase the number of mothers using bed nets To:Focus on two regions To: Increase number of children aged 1-5 using treated mosquito bed nets in two regions by 50% by Dec 2010 Decrease the number of malaria related deaths Overall objective Sharpening the Focus Adapted from Robert H. Schaffer & Ass.

TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF A RAPID- RESULTS GOAL Malaria Action verb Increase... What will be changed number of children aged 1-5 using treated bednets in 2 regions... Measurement of success by 50%... Time frame by September 2009.

Results should: Be as CONCISE and SHORT as possible Be UNCLUTTERED by outputs and higher-level objectives Have EASILY IDENTIFIABLE OUTCOMES Have clearly identified TARGET GROUPS Results should be expressed as MEASURABLE CHANGES in the behavior or condition of the target group

Translate Objectives into Concrete Results Personal Challenge Real Accountability Discovery and Learning OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: THE RRA

The Village Fool and the Emperor’s Horse OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS The Emperor’s Challenge Whoever can teach his favourite horse to speak Chinese will get half of his kingdom But, if the person fails s/he will be executed The Village Fool’s Response He took up the challenge Agreed with the emperor to “teach the horse to speak Chinese in 10 years”

The Village Fool’s Response OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS Study neighing patterns to detect nuances in pronunciation Lead study tour to other districts Design “Neigh- to-Chinese” mapping program Implement daily training program on “N2C” conversion Establish incentive system Change environment of horse: live with human family Learning Program Activities TODAY 10 YEARS TIME

Village Fool and the Emperor’s Horse: THE PROBLEM OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS No clearly defined goals No measuring of results No monitoring of results No real responsibility In ten years time either the Emperor dies, the Village Fool dies or the horse dies!

What would have happened if the goals were specified? OVERCOMING THE IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGE: LACK OF ACCOUNTABILITY FOR RESULTS Learning Program Activities TODAY 10 YEARS TIME Horse able to say “hello” in Chinese in 3 months Horse able to communicate in Chinese at first-grade level

Key Messages Clarifies roles and responsibilities Strengthens ownership and accountability Improves transparency Improves measurement of program achievements Strengthens resource mobilization Improves implementation Enhances overall performance

Process for one year One year results Quarter 1 Benchmarks Quarter 2 Benchmarks Quarter 3 Benchmarks Quarter 4 Benchmarks (same as one year target) Quarter 1 Activities, & Budgeting Quarter 2 Activities & Budgeting Quarter 3 Activities & Budgeting Quarter 4 Activities & Budgeting Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

What ACTIVITIES are needed in order to reach the results? How much will each activity COST? BUDGET? WHO is responsible and accountable for each activity? What are the SUCCESS INDICATORS? ACTION PLAN Results Statements: what would you like to achieve in one year?

ActivitiesResponsible Person IndicatorBudgetTime Frame #JanFebMarch 1Develop a roadmapStrategy OfficerConsultants hired$4000XX 2Develop ToR to hire consultantsXX 3Identify consultantsXX 4Hire consultantsXx 5Orientation workshopWorkshop heldXXX 6Develop datacollections One Year Results: To develop a national Health Strategy Quarter 1 milestone : Recruitment of national and international consultants