The Jackson Heart Study— Graduate Training and Education Center- Daniel Hale Williams Scholar Program Orientation and Research Camp- April 14-17, 2014 Research Design Clifton C. Addison, Ph.D., Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, Mississippi
Beginning with Statistics What is statistics? Sample—representative of population Population—target group of interest
Two Types of Statistics Descriptive Statistics Characteristics of Groups (frequency/percentage, means, standard deviations) Inferential Statistics Exploring how variables relate to each other
Hypothesis Testing Any research study---answer questions Differences—groups on variables Relationship, association, correlation--variables Hypothesis of difference Hypothesis of association
Example of Descriptive Statistics-- Diabetes Related Deaths In Mississippi
Example of Inferential Statistics- -- ANOVA Table
Types of Research Designs Quantitative – numbers, measurement— measurement of quantity or amount—using numbers to measure performance, behaviors, attitudes, status etc. Qualitative—human behaviors and habits-- observation- exploring a subject in depth, generate ideas---seeks to understand social phenomena from the viewpoints of those being studied.
Quantitative Design Descriptive—Characteristics Correlation—relationship, association Post facto/causal comparative-cause-effect Experimental—cause-effect, manipulation Quasi-experimental—cause-effect-no manipulation
Qualitative Design Focus Groups Case Studies Historical Studies Ethnographical Studies Phenomenological Studies -interviews, survey designs - not dependent upon sample size, unique, and not easily replicated
Deciding Between Quantitative and Qualitative Based on aims and objectives---within the research question/hypothesis
Components of the Research Design Section Sample—procedure for selecting group-- recruitment of participants Instrument– means of data collection-- conducting clinical examinations-- Conducting survey interviews with participants Statistical Analysis—test (process) for examining the data
Questions?? Thank You!!