General overview of renewable energy and in Southern and Eastern Mediterranean countries Dr Houda BEN JANNET ALLAL, OME German-Italian Cooperation for the Development of Renewable Energies in the Mediterranean Berlin, 28 March 2008

OME Context Present situation and prospects Example of ongoing projects Conclusion

OME essentials The OME is a unique association, gathering today 34 leading energy operators from the North and from the South, from producing and consuming countries, from emerging economy and industrialized countries with the aim to: (i) promote regional cooperation based on concrete projects, -(ii) promote dialogue (iii) carry out joint and shared analysis on issues related to long term energy supply and demand, infrastructure needs, financing, institutional framework, regulation, renewable energy and sustainable development, economic development and environmental protection

Missions & Objectives - Reference on Mediterranean Energy Issues - Expertise - Studies and Publications - Mediterranean Energy Database & Scenarios -Promoting Cooperation & Partnership - Mutual Technical Assistance between Members - Capacity building - Communication and Events Think Tank Consulting & Advice Monitoring & Scenarios Cooperation & Partnership Objectives

Strategy of OME - 1 OME member companies have agreed that: : Based on their long experience in project implementation in the region, at all levels of the energy supply chain, they continue to commit to the development of energy projects in the Mediterranean, thereby helping the creation of the Mediterranean energy market; The energy infrastructure in the Mediterranean basin should be developed with the goal of providing access to affordable energy for the local populations and allowing the reinforcement of energy trade which will enhance solidarities among the different Mediterranean countries;

Strategy of OME - 2 Energy projects must be implemented on a commercial basis to take full advantage of the financing capabilities of the companies and existing institutions. The need remains, however, to provide financing resources to those activities which would not be undertaken autonomously by the enterprises; The realization of energy projects needs the utmost attention from policy makers as it constitutes an important field of cooperation. In order to promote energy projects, the appropriate policies and instruments should be introduced. National Governments and the European Union should increase their commitment to energy-related initiatives in the Mediterranean region.

Demography in the Mediterranean Basin Source: Plan Bleu, OME millions inhabitants SEMCs NMCs

Urbanization rate in the MCs increased from 50.5% to 51.9% between 2000 & Currently, the urban rate varies from about 43% in Egypt to 65.3 % in Tunisia (63.3 % in Algeria & 55.5 % in Morocco). Urban Population (share of the total)

Economic Development in the Mediterranean

Energy sources in the South Med countries The SMCs are unequally endowed with hydrocarbon resources Range between large exporters to totally importers Two countries (Algeria & Egypt) are high energy exporters and two countries (Tunisia & Morocco) are net energy importers It is nowadays widely recognised that energy will continue to play an important role in all the MCs, importers or exporters of energy. The national energy policies are largely linked to the energy resources available in each of these countries

Oil (Mt) & Gas (bcm) Reserves

The 145-million population in MCs is consuming 112 Mtoe of primary energy (of wh. 53 Mtoe of gas, 52 Mtoe oil & 6 Mtoe coal) & 154 TWh of electricity. Number of customers in residential sector is 26.6 million for electricity and 2.5 million for natural gas. Although the global electrification rate reached 96.6%, about 6-10 million of persons still have no access to electricity. Efforts are deployed in the renewable energy sector in the MCs particularly in wind and solar energy and PV installations for electrification of remote villages, isolated rural households and rural schools. Primary energy consumption

Electricity generation in the MCs ( 175 TWh in 2006 )

Electricity today and in 2020 Share of energy sources in power generation for SEMCs

Rural electrification rate

18 Installed capacity and production of electricity 2005 Source: Observatoire Méditerranéen de l’Énergie

Electricity networks and links

Electricity med ring

Energy indicators

Source: OME RE in SEMCs: high potential but relatively modest present situation

PV applications

Wind Capacity Installed (MW)

Wind Generation (GWh)

Hydro Generation (in GWh)

Energy dependency is increasing …

Source: OME CO 2 Emissions from Energy Consumption in the Mediterranean

“On current trends, we are on course for an unstable, dirty & expensive energy future” quote from IEA Executive Director A more sustainable future is needed A more sustainable future is possible High potential for energy efficiency Renewable energy have also an important role to play OME is working on these issues through its RESDC Key energy messages valid also for SEM

Barriers need to be removed –Institutional and legal barriers: in most of the countries, there is no institutional and regulatory framework specific to RE –Competing resources: RE are competing with conventional energies relatively abundant, widely deployed and subsidised in several countries of the region.

Regional and international context is favourable –Regional: EC, EIB, MEDREP, MEDENER, MEDITEP, OME –Kyoto Protocol: the Clean Development Mechanism, an opportunity not yet fully exploited –The Mediterranean Strategy for Sustainable Development: a framework in favour to RE and EE –RE perspectives are encouraging

Source: OME RE perspectives are encouraging in the SEMCs

Several ongoing projects Regional projects supported by the EC (6 th FP, 7 th FP) Euro-Mediterranean consortium Projects coordinated by OME: –MEDRES (RE in rural and peri-urban areas; Algeria, Egypt, Morocco & Tunisia) –REMAP (CSP and wind; Algeria, Jordan, Tunisia & Turkey) –MED-CSD (CSP and water desalination; Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, PNA)

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