Section 6-2 Urbanization. Urban Opportunities Urbanization- growth of cities, mostly in the regions of the Northeast and Midwest. Americanization Movement-

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The Challenges of Urbanization Ch 7-2

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Presentation transcript:

Section 6-2 Urbanization

Urban Opportunities Urbanization- growth of cities, mostly in the regions of the Northeast and Midwest. Americanization Movement- designed to assimilate people of wide-ranging cultures into the dominant culture.

Americans Migrate to the Cities Skyscrapers- Tall steel framed buildings. The Home Insurance Building in Chicago was built in 1885 (ten stories). First Skyscraper in America. Louis Sullivan- No one contributed more to the design of skyscrapers. (Chicago)

Urban Problems Six Major Urban Problems Housing Transportation Water Sanitation Crime Fire

Urban Problems Housing: -row houses- single family dwellings that shared side walls with other similar houses Tenements- multi-family urban dwellings.

Urban Problems Transportation: -Mass Transit- Transportation systems designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes. -Streetcars-San Francisco (1873) -Subway-Boston (1897)

Urban Problem Water: -As late as the 1860’s many cities had grossly inadequate piped water. -Disease- Typhoid Fever, Cholera -Filtration (1870’s) -Chlorination (1908)

Urban Problems Sanitation: -Manure piled up on the streets -Sewage flowed through open gutters -Factories polluted the air and water -Scavengers- private contractors hired to sweep the streets. -Sewer lines and sanitation departments (By 1900)

Urban Problems Crime: -First full-time police force- NYC (1844) -To small to impact crime. Fire: -First paid fire department- Cincinnati (1853). -Automatic sprinkler (1874).

Machine Politics Political Machine- an informal political group designed to gain and keep power in the cities. Came about partly because cities had grown much faster than their governments. Party bosses- (City Boss) Those in charge of their respected political machine.

Machine Politics Graft- getting money through dishonest or questionable means. George Plunkitt- One of NYC’s most powerful party bosses; defended honest graft. William “Boss” Tweed- Leader of Tammany Hall, the NYC Democratic political machine. Very corrupt!