W4/3/13; M3/26/12; T3/29/11; M3/30/09; W4/9/08; F3/30/07; W4/5/06; H4/14/05 Eisenhower’s Domestic Policy (Ch & 29.4; pp )

I. Nuclear Arms Race counter Red Army – need larger standing army – peacetime draft ( ) nuclear weapons – A-Bomb → H-Bomb → missiles – short range → long-range (IBMs → ICBMs) – missile bases Eur: Germany, Turkey - IBM’s US – Alaska, west - ICBM’s MAD – Mutual Assured Destruction – nuclear deterrent Sputnik – 1957 – First satellite – Federal $$ for education – Increased space race & nuclear race money on defense – **warns of military-industrial complex**

II. Suburbs Fed. Highway Act – 1956 – Interstate system comfortable, safe “megalopolis” – NE corridor – Boston ↔ D.C. idealization of family – family values – reinforced through TV Conformity – similar towns & neighborhoods – “keeping up w/ the Joneses”

III. Cultural A. Baby Boom, – housing – suburbia – Dr. Spock – child rearing B. Television (TV) – new medium – affordable – 3 networks – CBS, NBC, ABC shared culture – family values C. Age of Affluence – unions prospered → benefits – AFL-CIO & Teamsters – corruption

IV. Outsiders A. Beats alternative lifestyles – drugs, alcohol – homosexuality Leading beats – Ginsburg – Burroughs – Kerouac Roots of 1960s counterculture & “hippies” Largely apolitical

IV. Outsiders (cont.) B. Rock ‘n’ Roll Alan Freed – Cleveland DJ southern music – country (white) & blues (black) – r&b (blacks) Elvis – 1954 – southern – 1956 – national – Milton Berle Show – June 5, 1956 Milton Berle Show – Ed Sullivan Show – Sept. 9, 1956 Ed Sullivan Show – 2 nd Ed Sullivan Show – Oct., 28, nd Ed Sullivan Show Chuck Berry, Little Richard Impact: – youth culture – “teenagers” – Sixties

V. Civil Rights A. Roots of Civil Rights Movement de jure vs. de facto – laws; S vs. reality; N/MW/W WWII – military segregated – military-related jobs segregated “Double V” campaign Exec. Order #8802 – FDR & Fair Employment Practices Comm. Jackie Robinson – Breaks “color line” w/ Dodgers Truman – Desegregates military – Exec. Order #9981

V. Civil Rights (cont.) B. Legal Fight NAACP approach: judicial attack Brown v. Board of Ed decision – 1954 – Warren Court – overturns Plessy v. Ferguson – “separate is inherently unequal” – “all deliberate speed”

V. Civil Rights (cont.) C. Montgomery Bus Boycott – 1955 – Rosa Parks & Martin Luther King, Jr. – clergy’s role – boycott effective D. Little Rock 9 – Gov. Orval Faubus – Nat’l Guard Faubus stops integration – Nat’l guard Ike federalizes – forces integration.

V. Civil Rights (cont.) E. Civil Rights Acts of 1957 & 1960 – little enforcement – but first federal laws since Reconstruction

Elvis’ Early TV Apperances Dorsey Show – Jan. 28, 1956 Dorsey Show – I Got A Woman Milton Berle Show – April 4, 1956 Milton Berle Show – Hearbreak Hotel 2 nd MB Appearance – June 5, 1956 – 2 nd MB Appearance – Hound Dog 1 st Ed Sullivan Show – Sept. 9, 1956 – – Charles Laughton guest hosts