2. African Americans involvement both abroad and on the home front gave them a better sense of the world and their place in the world

3. after WWII, African Americans population dramatically increases within urban settings leaders of the civil rights movement emerge out of the urban black communities urban African Americans had better accessibility to education and organize within independent institutions

4. activities, such as demonstrations, were publicized thru television to a national audience activism within one community would spark activism within another community

5. Racial injustice was an embarrassment to the model country

6. Political mobilization of African Americans within the northern, urban settings had a major influence on the voting bloc for Democratic Party

7. NAACP- formed in 1910 Used judicial system to attack Jim Crow laws Thurgood Marshall was the lead attorney Brown vs. Board of Education 1954 Overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson in an unanimous decision Chief Justice Earl Warren, We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of separate but equal has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Brown II (one year later) issued guidelines for implementing the decision- with all deliberate speed

8. Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955 Rosa Parks refuses to sit in the colored section of the bus Civil Rights Act of 1957 Eisenhower signed to provide federal protection of blacks who wished to register to vote ( very weak bill with little enforcement; however, was the first civil rights bill since reconstruction)