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Chapter Introduction Section 1A Changing World Section 2Early Exploration Section 3Spain in America Section 4Exploring North America Chapter Summary Chapter Assessment Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides. Contents

Introduction 1 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

Daily Focus Skills 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. They both have Paradise at the top, Asia below Paradise, Europe to the left, Africa to the right, and they both include the Mediterranean Sea.

Introduction 2 Chapter Objectives Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Examine how technology made long sea voyages possible.  Explore the factors that allowed great civilizations in Africa to flourish. Section 1: A Changing World

Section 1-1 Guide to Reading Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. New knowledge and ideas led Europeans to explore overseas.  classical  Main Idea Key Terms Renaissance  technology  astrolabe  caravel  pilgrimage  mosque

Section 1-4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Marco Polo

Section 1-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Expanding Horizons Marco Polo’s book, Travels, written in 1295, described his travels to Asia.  (pages 38–39) It inspired Columbus and other explorers to journey to these lands 200 years later.  The cities of Venice, Genoa, and Pisa became centers of the growing trade in goods such as spices, silks, perfumes, and precious stones.

Section 1-6 Expanding Horizons (cont.) The Renaissance, a period of renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman learning, spread throughout Europe in the 1400s.  (pages 38–39) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. It encouraged Europeans to pursue new ideas and challenges and set the stage for exploration and discovery.

Section 1-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why do you think Western European explorers found Asia so interesting? Possible answer: Europeans had the ideas of becoming wealthy through foreign trade and learning about lifestyles in distant lands. Expanding Horizons (cont.) (pages 38–39)

Section 1-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Powerful Nations Emerge The development of large nation-states in Western Europe helped spark foreign trade and travel outside the region.  (pages 39–41) The monarchies of Spain, Portugal, England, and France looked for ways to increase the power and wealth of their countries.

Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why was it necessary for monarchs to work at building powerful and wealthy countries? Possible answer: Countries wanted to appear powerful so they would not be invaded and overtaken by any other country. Wealth would allow the monarch to outfit a powerful army that could defend the country or invade another country. Powerful Nations Emerge (cont.) (pages 39–41)

Section 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Technology’s Impact Better maps and navigational instruments, such as the astrolabe and compass, helped navigators more accurately determine direction and location.  (pages 40–41) Larger and sturdier sailing vessels, such as the caravel, enabled sailors to travel faster and carry more people, cargo, and food.  These advances enabled sailors to explore new routes, especially a sea route to Asia.

Section 1-11 Technology’s Impact (cont.) Portugal and Spain began searching for routes to Asia and traveled south to the West Coast of Africa. (pages 40–41)

Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. How does modern technology make our lives easier? Possible answer: Modern technology helps us do things better, faster, more efficiently, and cost effectively. Technology’s Impact (cont.) (pages 40–41)

Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. African Kingdoms Three West African kingdoms flourished: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.  (pages 41–42) Ghana was a huge trading Empire between 400 and  Its trade in gold and salt contributed to its prosperity.  When Ghana’s power declined, the empire saw new states emerge.

Section 1-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Mali and its capital, Timbuktu, became important Islamic centers. Mansa Musa, who ruled Mali from 1312 to 1337, was its greatest king.  (pages 41–42) He made a pilgrimage to Makkah (also spelled Mecca), the Muslim holy city. African Kingdoms (cont.)

Section 1-15 The Songhai Empire rose in the late 1400s and became the largest in the history of West Africa.  African Kingdoms (cont.) (pages 41–42) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Its ruler, Askìya Muhammad, encouraged trade with Europe and Asia and introduced to his country a legal system, a system of government, and schools.  The empire fell in the late 1500s when the Moroccans attacked its trade centers.

Section 1-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Why did great empires arise in Africa? The resources of the land, the trade with North Africa, and powerful rulers helped create these great empires. African Kingdoms (cont.) (pages 41–42)

Section 1-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Checking for Understanding __ 1.a period of intellectual and artistic creativity, c. 1300–1600 __ 2.an instrument used by sailors to observe positions of the stars __ 3.relating to ancient Greece and Rome __ 4.the application of scientific discoveries to practical use __ 5.small, fast ship with a broad bow A.classical B.Renaissance C.technology D.astrolabe E.caravel Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. B D A C E

Section 1-18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Checking for Understanding Reviewing Facts Name three technological advances the furthered European exploration. Describe how these advances helped explorers. Possible answers: Mapmakers refined their methods and created more accurate maps; the astrolabe improved navigation; the three- masted caravel allowed ships to travel farther.

Section 1-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Themes Culture and Traditions How did the Islamic religion spread to the early kingdoms of Africa? What is the name of the holy book of Islam? The Islamic religion spread to the early kingdoms of Africa through trade between African kingdoms and Arab Muslims in North Africa. The holy book of Islam is called the Quran.

Section 1-20 Critical Thinking Drawing Conclusions Why do you think the Renaissance began in Italy and not in another part of Europe? Italy’s prosperity enabled citizens to pursue an interest in the region’s past. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 1-21 Analyzing Visuals Geography Skills Review the map of the African trading kingdoms on page 41 of your textbook. Which of the trading kingdoms was established earliest? In which region of Africa did the three trading kingdoms develop? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Maps and Charts 1

Section 1-21 Analyzing Visuals Geography Skills Review the map of the African trading kingdoms on page 41 of your textbook. Which of the trading kingdoms was established earliest? In which region of Africa did the three trading kingdoms develop? The earliest trading kingdom was Ghana. The three trading kingdoms developed in West Africa. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Columbian Exchange Chart How do you think the Columbian Exchange has enriched each hemisphere? From the Americas to Europe, Africa & Asia From Europe, Africa, Asia to the Americas

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