1. Life in the Eastern Hemisphere
Social Studies
Chapter 3
Life in the Eastern Hemisphere

2. Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
In 1271, Marco Polo was only 17 years old when he, his father, and his uncle, left Venice, to set out on a great adventure to bring back valuable goods from China.
Marco Polo

3. Map of Silk Road Routes Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
*see p.103 of textbook for route of Marco Polo
Map of Silk Road Routes

4. Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
What was the Silk Road?
The Silk Road was a major trade route between China and other lands. Besides goods, ideas, skills, and customs were also traveled along the road and passed on to one another. They all wanted to know more about each other.

5. Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
Discussion Q:
How did the Silk Road help people in different lands learn more about each other?
People from different countries met and traveled along the Silk Road and learned about each other’s ideas, skills, and customs.

6. Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
In 1400, China began building a very big naval fleet. They wanted to expand trade and show their power to others. They invented the magnetic compass to help them find their direction while out at sea.
original
current

7. Zheng He 1371-1433 Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
His friend, the emperor, put Zheng He in command of a huge fleet of ships to trade with other countries. They wanted to show China’s greatness to the world. He traveled to India, Southeast Asia, Persian Gulf, and the eastern coast of Africa.
*see p.105 of textbook for more!

8. Lesson 1 – Traveling Asia’s Silk Road
Discussion Q:
Compare the journey of Marco Polo with the journeys of Zheng He. How were they similar and different?
Both sailed in search of trade goods. Marco Polo sailed only part of the way from Venice to China. Zheng He sailed from China to other parts of the world.

9. Caravan Read “You Are There” on p.106
Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Caravan
Read “You Are There” on p.106
----- Meeting Notes (10/15/14 12:36) -----
Have students write 3 adjectives to describe what the experience would be like.

10. Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
For centuries, caravans on camelback traveled the Sahara, bringing goods to and from West Africa.

11. Kingdom of Ghana “Land of Gold”
Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Kingdom of Ghana “Land of Gold”
Ghana was rich in gold, but lacked salt. This resulted in trade routes from North Africa to bring salt into Ghana, in exchange for gold.

12. Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires

13. Why was Ghana known as the “land of gold”?
Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Why was Ghana known as the “land of gold”?
Ghana has lots of gold and traded gold for goods from other countries.

14. Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Kingdom of Mali

15. Mansa Musa – Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires *Ruler of Mali.
A Muslim who in 1324 went on a pilgrimage (journey for religious reasons) to Mecca. This journey strengthened trade ties between Mali and other Muslim nations. Many Muslim scholars and artists came back with him and settled in Timbuktu. It now became a center of learning. The Great Mosque was built for study and worship.

16. Songhai controlled more land than both Ghana and Mali.
Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Songhai controlled more land than both Ghana and Mali.

17. Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
What are three powerful trading kingdoms of West Africa and the sequence in which they ruled.
Ghana, Mali, Songhai

18. Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Astrolabe – an instrument that helped sailors use the sun and stars to find their location in latitude (distance from the equator)

19. Lesson 2 – Africa’s Trading Empires
Discussion Question:
Give details that show how connections between different parts of the world were expanding.
Zheng He went to India and Africa – Mansa Musa went from Africa to the Arabian Peninsula

20. Scandinavia
Lesson 3 – European Explorers

21. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Viking Boats

22. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Eric the Red was a Viking who sailed west, from Scandinavia, to Iceland. He was thrown out of Iceland and continued to sail west. In about 982, he came to a place he called Greenland. It was a cold land, but he wanted the place to sound like a good land to settle to encourage Icelanders to come.

23. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Leif Ericsson – Eric’s son
He set sail in 1000 to find the rumored land farther in the west. They landed on Newfoundland in what is now Canada. They found grapes there and called it “Vinland” – land of wine. The American Indians fought with them over the land and in 1015, the Vikings who survived, had returned home.

24. Renaissance = “rebirth”
Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Renaissance = “rebirth”
*Began in Italy in 1350
*Called “rebirth” because it marked new beginning in arts and sciences and a desire to learn more about the world
*Lasted for about 250 years
*Many new inventions were created

25. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Printing Press was invented by Johann Gutenberg in Germany in about 1450
The Bible was one of the first books Gutenberg printed on his printing press.
Before the printing press, books had to be written and copied by hand, one copy at a time.
Because books were now available to many more readers, more quickly, new ideas spread fast.

26. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Prince Henry, from Portugal, hired crews to design ships and develop new sea routes. They did this because the Silk Road and other land routes were long, dangerous, and were often controlled by merchants who charged a high price for trade. He improved methods of navigation and was known as “Prince Henry the Navigator”.

27. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
The Portuguese also profited in slave trade – the buying and selling of human beings. Slavery had already existed for thousands of years. Many Arabs, Africans, and Europeans captured people and forced them into slavery. Many were transported back to Europe to be servants. Slaves, unlike servants, are owned by a person and have no freedom.

28. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
What are two effects of Prince Henry’s drive to explore the coast of Africa?
Africa’s coast was gradually explored. Portugal began bringing home African gold and slave trade increased.

29. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
After Prince Henry died, Bartolomeu Dias and his three ships sailed to the southern tip of Africa. There were violent storms for many days. When the storms were over, they discovered they actually made it around the southern tip and in the Indian Ocean. They were too frightened and refused to go on so they returned home. Dias originally called where he landed, the “Cape of Storms”, but the king of Portugal later renamed it the “Cape of Good Hope” to give the Portuguese hope for sea routes to Asia.

30. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Ten years later, Vasco de Gama and his four ships traveled down and all the way around Africa and reached India in They were able to settle and buy spices at low prices and shipped them back to Europe. These sea routes made it a rich trading empire.

31. Lesson 3 – European Explorers
Discussion Question:
What was different about trade in the 1400s from trade in earlier periods?
Goods were moved farther and faster.