Gender Equality in Sweden Carolina Wennerholm for ITP Human Rights towards Gender Equality, Mena, September 2011 Copyright GenderFocus

European context Late 1800, early 1900 Civil and political rights movement s, time of war, nativity crisis s, gender roles, women’s empowerment s, gender studies, gender equality legislation, gender main- streaming Copyright GenderFocus

Hunders hpw Hunters, housewives, parental leave Copyright GenderFocus

Hunters, housewives to parental leave Copyright GenderFocus

Hunters, house wife’s to fathers’ parental leave 1921 Rigth to vote 1925 “Mother insurance” introduced 1931 Birth control allowed Until the beginning of the 1970s, women’s role was generally to be a ”house wife” Copyright GenderFocus

Hunters, house wife’s to fathers’ parental leave In 1971, individual taxation was introduced In the 1960s and 70s, a wide debate on women’s role Childcare was also radically expanded in the 1970s Parental insurance introduced in 1974, which allowed both men and women to take paid parental leave Copyright GenderFocus

Hunters, house wife’s to fathers’ parental leave 1980 law against discrimination in working life 1983 all professions open for women 1994 Sex desegregated statistics = official statistics 1995 parental leave, one month for father and mother respectively reserved (of 1 year) 2004 Gender mainstreaming plan in the government public administration Copyright GenderFocus

Swedish policy and institutions All ministries, state authorities, local authorities have the responsibility to promote gender equality A Ministry of Gender Equality and Integration (integrated 2010) Discrimination Ombudsman 2009 Copyright GenderFocus

Women and men in parliaments in 2010 Copyright GenderFocus

Salary Källa: SCB 2008

Men and women acording to type of work, SCB 2008

Managment and employees Källa: SCB 2008

Swedish policy and institutions Every employer with more than 10 employees have to yearly make a gender equality plan Legal action against discrimination is supported by the ”Discrimination Ombudsman” Obligation for an employer to prevent and report sexual harassment Gender statistics = official statistics Copyright GenderFocus

Norms and traditions Copyright GenderFocus

Norms and traditions Copyright GenderFocus

The contemporary discussion in Sweden Violence against women Women in the private sector Gender pay gap Men’s right to equal custody of children Men’s use of parental leave More men into traditional female dominated areas and more women into male dominated areas Young persons perceptions in relation to sexuality Gender equality and diversity Copyright GenderFocus

Sweden’s most modern sportsteam Copyright GenderFocus

Welcome to Sweden!!! Copyright GenderFocus

Policy issues Education- free education for all, encourage girls in natural sciences, reproductive education in school, more men teachers. Key area. Health- reproductive health, a gender and medicine research center. Key area. Labour- reconciliation policies, non-traditional jobs, encourage women entrepreneurs, women in management and boards. Key area. Defence – army open for women and men, gender equality policy, 1325 Plan of Action Environment - not much developed, projects on waste management, data on transportation. Copyright GenderFocus